Abstract: Objective To explore the current situation and related influencing factors of neuropsychological development among 6 to 36-month-old infants in Kunming,in order to provide reference for facilitating neurodevelopment of children. Methods A total of 310 infants aged 6-36 months were selected as participants in the department of preventive healthcare,Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from August 2016 to July 2017. Data on history of delivery/disease,pregnancy complications,family status and main caregiver were collected through questionnaire survey. Developmental Screening Test for children under six (DST) was used to conduct neuropsychological test among these infants. The weight-for-age,length-for-age,head circumference-for-age were used to evaluate physical development. Multi-factor ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors for neuropsychological development among infants. Results The rates of "normal(DQ≥85)","suspicious(70≤DQ≤84)","abnormal(DQ<70)" on development quotient (DQ) in 310 infants were 51.0%,40.3% and 8.7%,respectively,while 75.2%,18.7% and 6.1% on MI (mental index). And 61.3% of infants had gross motor delays. Multi-factor ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed those DQ delays were significantly associated with gender (OR=0.453,95%CI:0.245-0.839),low birth weight (OR=0.150,95%CI:0.019-0.968),elderly childbirth (OR=0.216,95%CI:0.055-0.852),without siblings (OR=0.459,95%CI:0.237-0.887).Maternal unemployed (OR=2.487,95%CI:1.247-4.963) were protective factor to DQ delay. Conclusion It is suggested to pay more attention to influencing factors and take measures to improve the neuropsychological development of infants.

Key words: neuropsychological developmental, development evaluation, infants aged 6-36 months

摘要： 目的 研究昆明市6~36月龄婴幼儿神经心理发育的现状及其影响因素,为促进儿童神经心理发育提供依据。方法 采集2016年8月-2017年7月在延安医院预防保健科门诊随诊的310名6~36月龄婴幼儿基本资料,收集其出生/患病情况、母亲孕期情况、家庭情况及主要照顾者等相关信息。用“0~6岁儿童发育筛查测验”(DST)进行发育评估,测量儿童身长、体重及头围,并应用年龄别身长、年龄别体重、年龄别头围等指标对其进行生长发育状况评价。用有序多分类Logistic回归分析影响婴幼儿发育商(DQ)和智力指数(MI)的因素。结果 310名儿童中DQ≥85分占51.0%,70~84分占40.3%,<70分占8.7%;MI≥85分占75.2%,70~84分占18.7%,<70分占6.1%;其中运动智龄落后于实际年龄的占61.3%。Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=0.453,95%CI:0.245~0.839),低出生体重(OR=0.150,95%CI:0.019~0.968)、高龄分娩(OR=0.216,95%CI:0.055~0.852)、无兄弟姐妹(OR=0.459,95%CI:0.237~0.887)是DQ低于正常的危险因素;母亲家务及待业(OR=2.487,95%CI:1.247~4.963)是DQ低于正常的保护因素。结论 儿童神经心理发育水平有待提高,应关注其影响因素,促进婴幼儿神经心理发育。

关键词: 神经心理发育, 发育评估, 6~36月龄婴幼儿