硫化氢对中枢神经系统作用的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在哺乳类动物中枢神经系统中硫化氢(H₂S)主要来源于胱硫醚-β-合成酶(cystanthionine-β-synthetase, CBS)的催化作用,并受到细胞内钙浓度的影响与变构激活剂S-腺苷蛋氨酸的调节。已有的研究提示在哺乳动物的大脑中H₂S充当气体信号分子,具有维持钙稳态、诱导长时程效应增强(long-term potentiation, LTP)、抑制氧化应激和调节神经信号等生理功能。H₂S通过多种方式介导生物效应,除了其强还原性之外还具有促进环磷腺苷(cAMP)的生成、激活ATP依赖性的钾离子通道、增加细胞内钙浓度等作用。H₂S也与中枢神经系统的作用病理学相关,比如中风、阿尔兹海默氏症等。由于实验表明控制H₂S的含量能够在多种疾病模型起到保护性治疗作用,因此H₂S在中枢神经系统疾病领域有良好的治疗学前景。

关键词: 硫化氢, 气体调节剂, 中枢神经系统疾病

Abstract: In mammalian central nervous system (CNS), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is predominately formed from the amino acid cysteine by the action of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and the biosynthesis of H₂S is regulated by the intracellular concentration of calcium and S-adenosylmethionine which acts as an allosteric activator of CBS.A rapidly accumulating body of evidence is now available suggesting that H₂S acts as a gaseous mediator or gasotransmitter in mammalian CNS.Reported physiological functions of H₂S include maintenance of calcium homeostasis, potentiation of long-term potentiation (LTP), suppression of oxidative stress, and modulation of neurotransmission.H₂S, functions as a neuromodulator, exerts both potentiates or inhibits biological effects through a variety of mechanisms.Besides its pro-reducing properties, H₂S is able to stimulate the production of cAMP, active ATP-activated potassium channels,and increase intracellular calcium.H₂S is also involved in the pathology of central nervous system (CNS) such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease.Latest studies suggest controlling the content of H₂S can play a protective role in the treatment in some disease models. H₂S holds the potential of therapeutic value for CNS diseases.

Key words: Hydrogen sulfide, Gaseous moderator, Central nervous system diseases

中图分类号:

R965.2

李康琪, 张广钦. 硫化氢对中枢神经系统作用的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2010, 15(10): 1183-1188.

LI Kang-qi, ZHANG Guang-qin. Research advances of the effects of hydrogen sulfide on central nervous system[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2010, 15(10): 1183-1188.

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