Abstract: Eucommia ulmoide is an ancient species left in tertiary glacier movement. The active phytochemicals found in E.ulmoides are divided into lignans, iridoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids and polysaccharide. Eucommia ulmoide displays extensive pharmacological action, as anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-virus, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, hepatoprotection, renoprotection and anti-osteoporosis. E.ulmoide has long medical history in China, Korea and Japan. This review summarizes the progress in chemistry and pharmacology of E.ulmoides.