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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 690-694.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.05.013

• 综述与讲座 • 上一篇    下一篇

靶向cGAS-STING通路与缺血性脑卒中治疗研究进展

钱庆芳,李文静,李强   

  1. 赤峰学院附属医院神经内科,赤峰  024005,内蒙古
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-24 修回日期:2024-08-10 出版日期:2025-05-26 发布日期:2025-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 李强,男,硕士,主任医师,研究方向:神经变性病发病机制临床与基础工作。 E-mail: liqiang1980_1981@126.com
  • 作者简介:钱庆芳,女,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:神经变性病发病机制与防治。 E-mail: wjglzc_2014@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2022MS08046);赤峰市自然基金项目(SZR2023053);内蒙古人类遗传病研究自治区高等学校重点实验室开放课题(YC202305,YC202304);内蒙古自治区硕士研究生科学创新项目(S20231204Z)

Targeting the cGAS-STING pathway for the treatment of ischemic stroke 

QIAN Qingfang, LI Wenjing, LI Qiang   

  1. Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng 024005, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2024-04-24 Revised:2024-08-10 Online:2025-05-26 Published:2025-05-13

摘要:

缺血性脑卒中是一种全球性的破坏性神经系统疾病,给社会带来巨大经济负担。小胶质细胞激活驱动的神经炎症在缺血性脑卒中的病理生理学中起着关键作用。脑缺血发作后,坏死神经元细胞释放的胞质双链DNA(dsDNA)是一种潜在的损伤相关分子模式(DAMP),可激活环状GMP-AMP合酶(cGAS)-干扰素基因刺激蛋白(STING)信号通路。cGAS-STING信号通路已成为缺血性脑卒中后小胶质细胞活化、无菌性神经炎症和细胞死亡的关键参与者。靶向该通路有望开发新的治疗方法,有效减轻神经炎症,防止细胞死亡,并提高患者的预后。本文首先概述了cGAS-STING信号通路的主要组成和激活机制,然后讨论了该通路激活在缺血性卒中发病机制中的作用,最后概述了作为cGAS-STING通路选择性小分子抑制剂治疗缺血性卒中的分子机制。同时讨论了当前靶向该通路的主要局限性,并提出了克服这些局限性的可能策略。

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, cGAS, STING, 神经保护 ,  ,  

Abstract:

Ischemic stroke is a devastating neurological disease worldwide, with high global burden. The microglial activation-driven neuroinflammation plays a critical role in pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. After the ictus of brain ischemic attack, cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) released by necrotic neuronal cells is a potential damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) to activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. cGAS-STING signaling pathway has emerged as a key player in microglial activation, sterile neuroinflammation, and cell death following ischemic stroke. Targeting this pathway holds promise for developing novel therapeutics that effectively mitigate neuroinflammation, prevent cell death, and enhance patient outcomes. In this review, we first outline the principal elements of the cGAS-STING signaling cascade, then discusses the pivotal role of the cGAS-STING pathway in ischemic stroke. Then, we outline selective small-molecules modulators that function as cGAS-STING inhibitors and summarize their mechanisms to treat Ischemic stroke. Finally, we discuss key limitations of the current therapeutic paradigm and generate possible strategies to overcome them. 

Key words: ischemic stroke, cGAS, STING, neuroprotection

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