Hepatocellular carcinoma, as a common malignant tumor, remains a serious global health problem. Traditional methods such as surgical resection and chemotherapy have limited effects in improving the prognosis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. With the deepening of research into molecular mechanisms, targeted therapy has become an important direction for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the main targeted drugs and associated therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma, aiming to provide references and evidence for future related research.