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Welcome to Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics,Today is Chinese

Table of Content

    Volume 6 Issue 1
    26 February 2001
    Effect of bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide targeting different region of bcl-2 mRNA on drug-sensitivity of leukemia cells1
    LEI Xiao-Yong, ZHANG Huan
    2001, 6(1):  1-4. 
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    Aim To explore the effects of bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide targeting the coding region of the bcl-2 mRNA on apoptosis induced by Vp16 in HL60 and K 562 cells. Methods Drug sensitivity was compared by MTTcy to toxicity assay, and expression of bcl-2 protein and apototic cells were assayed by flow cytometry. Results The bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide of 10 μmol·L-1 combined with etoposide inhibited expression of bcl-2 protein, increased apoptosis in HL60 and K 562 cells and decreased IC50 of etoposide; The antisense oligonucleotide targeting the coding region of the bcl-2 mRNA had stronger effection than the antisense oligonucleotide targeting the translation initiation. Conclusion The bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide targeting the codingregion of the bcl-2 mRNA can enhances etopo side induced apoptosis of HL60 and K 562 cells.
    Protective effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) from the Chinese cobra venom on spinal neurons after sciatic nerve lesion
    CHEN Min-jian, YANG Bin, ZHANG Chun-Yan, SHU Yu-Yan
    2001, 6(1):  5-7. 
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    Aim To investigate the protective effect of bra venom on spinal neurons after sciatic nerve nerve growth factor (NGF) from the Chinese co- lesion. Methods Fourty Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups each containing 20 animals. After surgical crush lesion on the bilateral sciatic nerve the rats were injected NGF into the target muscle every day. On the d 5 and d 10 after operation, enzyme histochemistry technique was used to show acetycholinesterase (AchE) activity of the motoneurons in L5 ~ S2 spinal cord anterior horn and fluoride resistant acid phophatase (FRAP) activity of substantia gelatinosa in L5 ~ S2 spinal cord posterior horn. The activity of enzyme was analysed with computer image analysis system. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of FRAP in NGF group was higher on the d 5 and d 10 after operation and the activity of AchE in NGF group was higher on the d 10 after operation. Conclusion It is demonstrated that NGF could protect the mononeurons in spinal cord anterior horn and the sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia after axotomy.
    Influence of tetramethylpyrazine on oxygen metabolism during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils1
    ZHA NG Zhao-Hui, YU Shao-Zu, ZHAO Bao-Lu
    2001, 6(1):  8-11. 
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    Aim To investigate the influence of tetramethylpyrazine (ligustrazine, Lig) on oxygen consumption and superoxide during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils. Methods It was observed by using ESR spin trapping, spin probe oxymetry and lumino-dependent chemiluminesence (CL). Results Lig had no influence on oxygen consumption during the respiratory burst of neutrophils (P > 0.05) but had remarkable inhibition on CL response generated by neutrophils (P <0 01), and had scavenging effect on $\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ ·}^{-}}}$ and OH ° generated by neutrophils, which were demonstrated in xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and Fentons reaction(P <0.01). Conclusion Lig has no inhibiting effect on oxygen metabolic function of neutrophils, but protects tissue from injury caused by activated neutrophils through scavenging oxygen radicals.
    Effect of different doses of valsartan on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    TANG Hai, HU Zuo-Ying, YANG Ting
    2001, 6(1):  12-14. 
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    Aim To evaluate the effects of different doses of valsartan on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Eighteen SHR (fourteen-week-old, male) were divided into three groups (six rats in each group): SHR control group in which the rats were fed with normal saline; low dose valsartan group in which the rats were fed with valsartan 8 mg·kg-1·d-1 and high dose valsartan group in which the rats were fed with valsartan 24 mg·kg-1·d-1、all for 8 weeks. The rats in the WKY control group (n=6) were fed with normal saline for 8 weeks. Results SBP, LVM/ BW and TDM of SHR were remarkably lower than those of the control after drug intervention and the effect on SBP LV M/ BW and TDM was most remarkable in the high dose valsartan group. Conclusion Different doses of valsartan can decrease SBP of SHR and inhibit the progression of ventricular hypertrophy.
    Inhibitory and excitatory effects of sodium nitroprusside on supraoptic nucleus neurons in vitro1
    HUANG Hong-Ping, WANG Meng-Ya
    2001, 6(1):  15-17. 
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    Aim To realize the regulatory actions of nitric oxide (NO) on supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurons by observing the effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on SON neurons. Methods The cell electrophysioloical properties were obtained by the intracellular recording techniques from the SON neurons in adult rat hypothalamic slices. Results In 11 silent cells, superfusion of SNP(1 m mol·L-1) for 3?5 min resulted in the depolarization response with a decrease of membrane resistance and time constant CP <0.05) in 55 % of cells while hyperpolarization with an increase of membrane resistance in 45% of neurons. In 73% of tested cells, SNP also decreased the amplitude, overshoot, firing frequency and slope of current voltage curve and increased the after hyperpolarization of action potentials evoked by intracellular depolarizing current pulses (P <3.05).However, SNP enhanced the spontaneous firing in 67% of 6 tested cells with spontaneous activities. Conclusion SNP presents an inhibitory or excitatory effect on SON neurons in a neuron type-and functional state-dependent manner, which suggests that NO may exhibit adverse regulatory actions on SON neurons.
    Effects of the total extract of astragalosides on the growth, AFP secretion and 7-GT activity of human hepatoma cells1
    YANG Yan, SONG Shao-Gang, CHEN Min-Zhu
    2001, 6(1):  18-20. 
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    Aim To study the effect of the total extract of astragalosides (TEA) on the growth AFP secretion and 7~GT activity of human hepatoma cells in vitro. Methods The human hepatoma HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells were cultured with TEA 5 ~ 160 mg· L-1 for 6 days. Anti hepatoma activity was measured by MTT method. AFP was assaysed by ELISA and 7~GT was determined by enzyme substrate method. Results The growth of the human hepatoma HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells and the secretion of AFP of HepG2 cells were reduced significantly by TEA 5 ~ 160 mg · L-1. The YGT activity of HepG2 cells was inhibited and its ALB content was increased by TEA 20,40 and 80 mg · L-1. The 7~GT activity of Bel-7404 cell was inhibited and its ALB content was increased by TEA 40 and 80 mg· L-1. Conclusion These results suggest that TEA has inhibitory effects on the growth, AFP secretion and YGT activity of human hepatoma cells.
    Anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides and its mechanisms of action
    YANG Qin, LU Jing-Tao, WANG Bin, ZHOU Ai-Wu, CHEN Min-Zhu
    2001, 6(1):  21-24. 
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    Aim To study the anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides (AST) and its mechanisms of action. Methods The exudate volume neutrophil count and protein content in exudate were measured in the carrageenan-induced air pounch model in rats. The content of PGE2 was assayed by radioimmunoassay, the activity of PLA2 by microacid titration assay,IL-8 by ELISA,and NO by nitrate reductase assay. The production of $\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ ·}^{-}}}$ in neutrophil was determined by cytochrome Cassay. Results AST (40,80mg· kg-1) could markedly reduce the exudate volume neutrophil counprotein content, the content of IL-8, and the production of $\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ ·}^{-}}}$. AST lowered PLA2 activity of neutrophil and accellular component in exudate and it also decreased the contents of PGE2 and NO in exudate. Conclusion AST has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. Its mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of vascular permeability and leukocyte migration as well as to the suppression of PLA2 activity and the reduction of IL-8, PGE2, NO and $\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ ·}^{-}}}$ production.
    Protective effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves on apoptosis in neuronal cells1
    ZHANG Yan, MING Liang, LI Jing-Pei, LI Wei-Ping, FANG Ming
    2001, 6(1):  25-27. 
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    Aim To study the effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves (GbE) on apoptosis in neuronal cells. Methods Primary cerebral cultures from rat fetus were used to observe the activity of neuronal cells and to determine the release of LDH and DNA gel electrophoresis. Results GbE enhanced the activity of neuronal cells decresed the release of LDH and relieved the structural changes of nucleus and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion GbE can inhibit apoptosis in neuronal cells.
    Experimental study of protective effect of local infiltration of methylpred-nisolone on injured spinal nerve root
    ZHANG Wei-Guo, DU Zhe
    2001, 6(1):  28-30. 
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    Aim To observe the effect of infiltration of Methylprednisolone on injured spinal nerve root and the protective function of Methylprednisolone to non-impressed spinal nerve root lesion. Methods The spinal nerve roots were injured in 20 rabbits.Three days later local Methylprednisolone infiltration of spinal nerve root profromed in rabbits in experiment group? while rabbits in the control roup received equal amount of 0 9% natiiichloridi instead. The conduct velocity of spinal nerve root was measured one week after operation. The histological change of spinal nerve root and immunohistochemical stain of posterior horn of spine were observed by microscope. Results The conduct velocity was recovered obviously in experiment group. In observation of spinal nerve we found the edema and hyperaemia of matrix were impaired obviously, the lesion focus was minimized, the amount of inflammatory cells was decreased. The area of substance P positive fiber and its terminus in posterior of spinal was smaller in experiment group remarkably than in control group. Conclusions The local infiltration of Methylprednisolone can relieve inflammation inhibit the transmission of pain and accelerate recovery of spinal nerve root
    Effects of aspirin and verapamil alone or in combination on mesenteric microcirculation of rats1
    SONG Yi-Min, LI Xue-Kun, TAN Jan-Min, LI Zeng-Xi, SHI Shan
    2001, 6(1):  31-34. 
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    Aim To study the effects of aspirin (Asp) and verapamil (Ver) alone or in combination on mesenteric microcirculation of rats. Methods Acute microcirculation disturbance (AMD) was produced by highmolecular weight dextran (Mr 480,000) 360 mg·kg-1 iv. A rteriol and venul blood flow velocity and diameter (ABFV, VBFV, AD, VD) and blood flow state (BFS) were observed by intravital microcirculation method. Results Asp 2.5, 5 mg °kg、Ver 0.3,0.6 mg·kg、Asp+ Ver (1+0.15),(2.5+0.3) mg·kg-1 iv significant increase ABFV by 11.1 %, 31.3%, 18.7%,19.5%,26.5%,37.3%, VBFV by 12.5%,5.7%, 2.5%,3.7%,30%, 34.7%, AD by 4.3%, 17.9%, 31.5%, 35%, 20%, 38.1% and VD by 2.2%, 4.2%, 25%, 31.5%, 5.8%, 23.5% espectively, and got a raise in the number of capillaries and a marked improvement of BFS. Asp+ Ver(1+0.15, 2.5+0.3) mg·kg-1 iv could reverse AMD. Conclusion Asp is superior to Ver in the increase of BFV, but Ver is superior to Asp in expansion of blood vessel. Asp in combination with Ver produces marked synergistic action and protection againist AMD
    Effect of herbal tongxinluo on thrombus formation and neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries
    HUANG Jun, LI Chun-Jian, YANG Guo-Ping, YU Mei-Ling
    2001, 6(1):  35-37. 
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    Aim The effect of herbal tongxinluo on the the balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and il- thrombus formation and neointimal hyperplasia of iac artery was observed. Methods 36 New zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: tongxinluo group (16 rabbits); aspirin group (11 rabbits) and control group (9 rabbits). The rabbits were treated with herb tongxinluo 0.38 g mg·kg-1·d-1, aspirin 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 and 0.09% natrium chloride 10 ml·d-1 alternatively. The arterial injury model was made 1 week after taking the medicine and the injured segments were taken at 24 hours, 1 week or 1 month after the procedure,then the samples were stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The thrombus formation and the neointimal hyperplasia of the injured arteries were observed under microscope. Results The arterial neointimal hyperplasia was seen in both abdominal aorta and iliac artery 24 hours and 7 days after the balloon injury in each group,which led to stenosis in 5%~40% of the arterial lumen, the neointimal hyperplasia was much more significant in 2 rabbits 1 month after the balloon injury. The ratio of the arteries with thrombosis in aspirin group was less than that in the other 2 groups, but the difference was not significant. The ratio of neointimal hyperplasia in tongxinluo group was significantly less than that in aspirin and control groups. Conclusion The balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and iliac artery appeare to be an ideal model in researching restenosis after percutaneous transluminar coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Herbal Tongxinluo significantly inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries, which indicate that herbal Tongxinluo might be a promising medicine in preventing restenosis.
    Effects of glipizide and metformin on serum insulin-like growth factor-1, 2 in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus
    PEI Jian-Hao, YANG Hua-Zhang, KUANG Jian, LIAO Xiao-Zhen, CHENG Chong, CHENG Hong, LI Zhong-Wen, CUI Yan
    2001, 6(1):  38-40. 
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    Aim To study the effects of glipizide and meh formin on the serum IGF-1, IGF-2 in patients with type II diabetes mellitus; Methods The effect of glipizide (n =40) and metformin(n =25) on serum IGF-1, IGF-2 in patients with type I diabetes mellitus were compared with self-controlled study. Results In metformin treated patients, there were not significantly changes in fasting IGF-1 and IGF-2 concentrations In glipizide-treated patients there were markedly increased IGF-1 concentrations (181 8±104.5) vs (209.0 ±88.2)ng·ml-1 (P<0.05) while serum IGF-2 was not change. There was a significant reduction of blood glucose in two groups at the end of treatment (both P <3.01) but C-peptide level was markedly increased(P <0.05) only in glipizi detreated patients. Conclusion The changes of IGF-1 is markedly different between metformin-treated and glipizide-treated patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
    Experimental study of the Chinese herbs of Li Qi Huo Xue on preventing and treating the vascular endothelial cells injury in rats1
    ZHAO Jian-Hong, LIN Lin, CAO Hui, GAO Ji-Fa, ZHU Fan-He
    2001, 6(1):  41-42. 
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    Aim To establish a model of the injury of the vascular endothelial cell (KVEC) in rats and observe the function of Chinese herbs of Li Qi Huo Xue (LQHX) will prevent and treat the VEC injury. Methods 30 SD rats were divided into the control, the model and LQHX groups. The model of the VEC injury was established. It tried to demonstrate the effect of LQHX for the coagulation and fibrinolysis function of the V EC by the CEC count, t-PA,PAI activity,6-keto-PGF content and PAg Tmax. Results In LQHX group as compared with those of the medol group,The CEC count was redued obviously (P <0.01) t-PA activity was increased (P<0.01), so did the percentage of active t-PA (P<0.01), but PAI activity decreased (P<0.05) 6-keto-PGF content increased (P <0.01),the PAg Tmax decreasd (P<0.01). Conclution LQHX can enhance the anticoagulation and fibrinolysis activities It is a more effective measure for the VEC protection
    Pathological observation of adriamycin nephropathy in rats
    XU Tao, LV Lei, QIAN Chen, WANG Ying-Xin
    2001, 6(1):  43-45. 
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    Aim To establish the model of adriamycin-induced nephritic syndrome in rats and its pathological change was observed. Methods The model of nephritic syndrome in rats was established by intravenous injection of adriamycin in the dose of 5 mg·kg-1 and 3 mg·kg-1 respectively at the first day and 15 th day. The amount of urine protein was measured at the 1、2、3、4、6、8 and 12 th week and the serum biochemical parameters of TG, TCH, BUN, Cr, TP and ALB were detected at the 6 th and 12 th week. Results rameters were increased significantly, except the TP and ALB, which were decreased. Pathological changes at the sixth week was similar to minimal changes in glomerulonephritis and at the 12 th week, sclerosis of glomeruli of kidney could be found. Conclusion After first injection, the changes of kidney were like those in minimal change glomerulonephritis of human being. But after the second injection. The kidney had the changes of focal segmental glomeralosclerosis.
    Polysaccharide of spirulina on the prophylaxis and treatment of myelosup- pression of mice caused by cyclophosphamide
    WANG De-Jung, SHENG Shu-Qing, LI Rui-Qing, SUN Yun, ZHANG Hong-Quan
    2001, 6(1):  46-48. 
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    Aim The effect of polysaccharide of spirulina on mouse myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide was studied. Methods Mice in the model, treatment groups I and H were given cyclophosphamide (ip 100 mg·kg-1) for there days. At the same time mice in the treatment groups I and II were given ig spirulin 30 mg·kg-1 and 60 mg·kg-1 for ten days, while mice in the control group and model group were given ip 20 mg·kg-1 of NS. Peripheral blood and marrow cytometry, micromcelsus and chromosome aberration were analyed. Results In the dosages of 30 and 60 mg·kg-1 polysaccharide of spirulina the polysaccharide of spirulina had perfect action on the perihem ateikon and the function of bone hematoplast induced by cyclophosphamide (P<0.01) and antagonistic action on increase of bone cell micro nuclsus(P <0.05); The ratio of chromosome aberration in the treated group was lower compared with that in the model group. The inhibitory ratio was 51.2% and 62.5% in the treated groups I and II. Conclusion Polysaccharide of spirulina can perfect the hematoplast function of mice injured by cyclophosphamide.
    Clinical application of propofol in critical patients with mechanical ventilation after major operation
    LIU Bao, CHENG Shao, WANG Jin, TAO Xiao
    2001, 6(1):  49-50. 
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    Aim To evaluate the clinical application of propofol in critical patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods 22 patients with mechanical ventilation after major operation were randomly divided into control group and propofol group patient in the propofol group were continually transfused with propofol by micro pump. Clinical manifestations,blood pressure, heart rate and the concentration of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) in patients of both groups were observed. Results The patients in propofol group were all in sleeping state, while those in the control group had evidently higher blood pressure, heart rate and the concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine after wearing of ventilator. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05) Conclusion Propofol can make the critical patients quiet and in a sleeping state, inhilit the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which rescdt in hemodynamic stability.
    Study on bioavailability of domestic acyclovir chewable tablets
    WANG Shao-Hua, YU Bao-Dong, CHU Xiao, SHI Jie, YU Jin-Cai, ZHAO Me-Ling
    2001, 6(1):  51-52. 
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    Aim To compare the relative bioavailabilities of domestic acyclovir chewable tablets and normal tablets. Methods A single oral dose of 800 mg acyclovir chew able tablets or normal tablets was given to 8 volunteers respectively in a randomized, cross-over study, acyclovir serum concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results The AUC of chewable nd normal tablets was respectively 0.42 and 0.40μg·ml·h-1, and the relative bioavailability of acyclovir chewable tablets was (105.8±13.1) %. Conclusion The chewable tablets and reference tablets is bioequivalent in AUC.
    Bioequivalence of brodimoprim capsules in 18 healthy volunteers
    ZHANG Jian, WANG Ben-Jie, GUO Rui-Chen
    2001, 6(1):  53-55. 
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    Aim To evaluate the bioequivalence of demestic brodimoprim capsules and imported hyprim tablets and provide experimental basis for clinical application. Methods A single dosage of Brodimoprim or hyprim was given to 18 healthy volunteers in a randomized 2-way crossover test and the brodimoprim concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC withβ-naphtol as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters and the relative bioavailability of the two preparations were calculated and their bioequivalence was evaluated. Results The major pharm aco kin etic parameters of test and reference preparations were as follows respectively: t1/2(α) (2.1 ± 1.0) and (1.9±0.9) h,t1/2(β) (43.2 ± 4.8) and (42.4 ± 4.3) h, Tpeak(3.4 ± 1.6) and (3.1 ± 1.5) h, Cmax (5.9 ± 0.9) and (5.9 ± 1.0) μg·ml-1,AUC0~132 (360.2 ± 55.3) and (358.7 ± 52.6) μg·ml-1,AUC0~∞ (423.8 ± 56.0) and (422.5 ± 51.1) μg·ml-1. The relative bioavailability (F) of b rod imp rim capsules was (99.7 ± 4.8) %。Conclusion The multi factorial analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference in AUC0~132 between the test and reference preparations (P > 0.05). The bioequivalent assumption was proved by further two one-side t-test and (1~2α) confidence interval analysis in individuals, periods and forms of these two preparations
    Effect of losartan on cardiac function and secretion of nitric oxide and endothelin in patients with congestive failure
    WANG Bang-Ning, ZHANG Chuan-Huan, SHEN Yu-Fang, LIU Min, CHEN Da-Nian, GAO Dan-Ping
    2001, 6(1):  56-58. 
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    Aim To evalute the effects of losartan on the cardiac function and secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) in patients with congestive heart failure(CHF). Methods Sixty patients with class II ~ Ⅳ CHF were randomised to receive a 12 weeks of routine therapy either with losartan (n =30)to be added from 25 mg to 50 mg daily or with enalapril (n = 30) to be added from 2.5 mg to 5 mg daily. The cardiac systolic and diastolic funtion and the levels of NO and ET were observed before and after therapy respectively with 30 normal control subjects seving as control. Results The abnormal cardiac systolic and diastolic function parameter were present in patients with CHF. The ET and NO levels in CHF patients were significantly higher than those in the control group(P <0.05). NYHA function class was improved in 85% of losartan treated patients and in 84% of enalapril-treated patients after 12 weeks as compared with cardiac function at baseline. ET and NO levels were significantly reduced(P <0.01) NO/ ET ratio was increased (P <0.05) after 12 weeks of therapy in two active groups. Conclusion The systolic and diastolic functions of patients with CHF are greatly improved by losartan treatment, which reverses the imbalance of NO/ ET and it is suspected that this action may be another important mechanism of its treating heart failure
    7-hydroxystaurosporine: A profound anti-cancer agent
    FAN Sai-Jun, MENG Qing-Hui
    2001, 6(1):  81-87. 
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