关键词: 宁夏, 回族, 汉族, 贫血, 学生

Abstract: Objective To explore the ethnic differences and influencing factors of anemia in primary and middle school students in Ningxia,in order to provide a straightforward basis for improving the intervention policies and measures for anemia in Ningxia students. Method A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 3 747 students from the four age groups(7,9,12 and 14 years old) of Ningxia Hui and Han nationality as participants. Results The prevalence of total anemia among primary and middle school students in Ningxia was 8.1%. And the prevalence of anemia among Hui was 8.7%(140/1 615),slightly higher than that of Han(7.7%,165/2 132)(χ²=1.06,P=0.01). The detection rates of mild and moderate/severe anemia among Hui students were 7.2% and 1.4%,respectively,while 6.4% and 1.3% in Han students. The prevalence of anemia was higher in Han students at younger age group. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age(9 years old OR=0.53,95%CI:0.33-0.85;12 years old OR=0.51,95%CI:0.32-0.82),malnutrition(OR=0.63,95%CI=0.45-0.87) were related to anemia in Han students. While gender(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.15-2.36) and age(9 years old OR=0.35,95%CI:0.21-0.58;12 years old OR=0.54,95%CI:0.32-0.92) were correlated with anemia in Hui students(P<0.05). Interaction analysis found that there were interaction effects between ethnicity and gender,areas,as well as age(P＜0.05). Conclusions To formulate measures for prevention and treatment of anemia according to different ethnic differences between Hui and Han,it is recommended to increase the iron-rich foods intake in the diet of Hui students. Moreover,more attention should be paid to gender and urban-rural differences on anemia, so as to improve the health status of Ningxia Hui and Han students.

Key words: Ningxia, Huiethnic, Hanethnic, anemia, students