关键词: 健康, 幼儿, 亲职压力

Abstract: Objective To explore the parental stress of children in junior and middle classes of kindergarten and its relationship with children's mental status. Methods A total of 51 healthy young children were recruited form a kindergarten in Shanghai. All the parents were asked to finish the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results 1) The differences total score of child dimension (t=2.104,P<0.05) and the subscales of adaptability (t=2.376,P<0.05), acceptability (t=2.517,P<0.05) of child dimension in PSI between boys and girts were significant. 2) There were significant differences on SDQ conduct problems factor score (t=2.064, P<0.05) and prosocial behaviors factor score (t=-2.743, P<0.01) between male and female children.3) The total score of SDQ difficulty was positively correlated with PSI total score (P<0.01), and some SDQ factors were correlated with PSI total score and some factor scores (all P<0.05). 4) At six-month follow-up, the total score of PSI and the subscales of distractibility/hyperactivity, adaptability, demanding, mood, acceptability of child dimension and the subscales of competence and attachment of parent dimension were higher than those at baseline (all P<0.05). Conclusions Healthy preschool girls have fewer behavior problems than boys, and their social behavior was better than boys.Parenting stress is related to children's behavior, so parents of preschool girls feel less parental pressure than parents of boys.In early childhood, parental pressure increases as children grow up.

Key words: health, preschool, parenting stress