关键词: 追赶生长, Z评分, 早产儿

Abstract: Objective To analyze the physical catch-up growth characteristics of preterm infants within 2 years of age, so as to provide data for clinical intervention. Methods Preterm infantswho were born from January 2017 to June 2019 and took regulartook follow-up visits from birth to 24 months of age in Changsha Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled in this study. The Z-score method was used to evaluate the weight, length and head circumference of preterm infants. Z value and the mean increas value of weight, length and head circumference for each month age were calculated by group. The composition ratio of different Z value levels and the catch-up growth rate were analyzed, and the physical catch-up growth characteristics of SGA and AGA preterm infants were analyzed. Results Weight Z value of AGA preterm infants at born, 1, 18, 24 months old, Z value of body length at 1,9,18,24 months and head circumference at 24 months old, were significantly higher than those of SGA preterm infants(t=1.998 - 6.383, P＜0.05). The weight, length and head circumference Z value of AGA and SGA preterm infants all increased with age, while the catch-up speed decreased with age, and the catch-up speed was the highest at the age of 1 to 6 months. The percentage of weight, length and head circumference Z value ＜-2 decreased with age, and the catch-up rate increased with age. The maximum increase was between 1 and 6 months old. The weight of SGA and AGA preterm infants started to catch up at 18 and 12 months old, respectively, while the body length and head circumference started to catch up at 24 months old. The percentages of Z value≥0 showed an upward trend with the increase of months. The proportions of achieving catch-up growth of weight, length and head circumference till 24 months old in SGA preterm infants were 36.1%, 25.0% and 22.2% at 24 months of age, respectively, which were 57.7%, 45.1% and 43.7% for AGA preterm infants. Conclusions Low birth weight preterm infants are characterized by fast growth followed by slow growth and early age of weight catch-up growth within 2 years old, and the fastest catch-up is between 1 and 6 months of age. SGA preterm infants lag behind AGA preterm infants in terms of growth development. By 24 months of age, more than half of AGA preterm infants have not completed catch-up growth in terms of growth indicators except for weight.

Key words: catch-up growth, Z score, preterm infants