关键词: 婴儿, 超低出生体重儿, 生长和发育, 追赶生长

Abstract: Objectives To study the catch up growth of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants during hospitalization and after discharge. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of ELBW infants in our hospital from 2005 to 2014 and evaluated growth retardation rate. Results Fifty ELBW infants were followed up for over 6 months.The average weight gain was (17.9±2.8)g/(kg·d) during hospitalization.Z scores for weight,length and head circumference at discharge were lower than that at birth.The period with the lowest growth retardation rate was at 0～3 months of corrected age(CA),which was respectively 20%,26% and 22% by weight,length and head circumference.By the time 24 months of CA,the rate of growth retardation showed a little increase.These infants were divided into groups according to SGA or not,the gestational age at birth(≤28 weeks and >28 weeks),birth weight (≤750g and > 750g) and the period at birth(2004～2009 and 2010～2014),and the growth retardation rates were compared between groups at 6 and 24 months of corrected age.The SGA group and >28 weeks group had higher growth retardation rate at 6 months of corrected age.By the time of 24 months of CA,growth retardation rate (by head circumference) was higher in the group with birth weight≤750 g. Conclusions ELBW infants shows high rate of intrauterine growth retardation and with even higher rates of extra-uterine growth retardation.With more aggressive nutritional support recent years,the majority of preterm infants accomplished catch up growth by 3 months of CA.ELBW infants who are SGA at birth or with birth weight ≤750 g may be more prone to show growth retardation.

Key words: extremely low birth weight infants, growth retardation, catch-up growth