关键词: 过敏原, 皮肤点刺试验, 过敏性鼻炎, 支气管哮喘, 儿童

Abstract: Objective To investigate major allergens of children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in Weifang region,and to provide evidence for prevention,clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. Methods Skin prick test (SPT) was done in 234 children (71 with allergic rhinitis,84 with bronchial asthma,46 with both allergic rhinitis and asthma),and the findings were analyzed statistically. Results The SPT was performed in the 234 cases,201 cases were positive (85.90%).Two major allergens were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) and dermatophagoides farinae (DF),and the positive rates were 79.10% and 77.11%,respectively,followed by hairtail (17.91%),dog epithelium (17.41%),shrimp(16.92%),milk(13.43%),penicillium notatum (12.44%).The positive rate of aeroallergen group was much higher than that of food allergen group (P＜0.01).The SPT positive rates of allergic rhinitis group,bronchial asthma group and both allergic rhinitis and asthma group were 88.75%,86.60% and 80.70%,respectively,and there was no significant differences between three groups in SPT positive rate (P＞0.05). Conclusions DP and DF are two major allergens causing allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in children in Weifang region.SPT positive rate of aeroallergens is increased with increasing age,but SPT positive rate of food allergens is decreased with increasing age.Aeroallergens are the most common allergens causing allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in children.

Key words: allergen, skin prick test, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, children