关键词: 学龄前儿童, 屈光不正, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the ametropia rate of preschool children in urban area of Shanghai city and related influencing factors of ametropia,and take corresponding measures to promote the development of the vision health. Methods From February to July of 2016,641 preschool children in 3 kindergartens in urban area of Shanghai city were randomly selected as the research objects.Refraction screening was performed with suresight vision screening instrument.The daily life conditions of children were surveyed by a questionnaire,and analyze related influencing factors of ametropia. Results Screening of 641 preschool children,received 604 valid questionnaire.63children were abnormal,with a rate of 10.4%.The abnormal rates for the age group of 3～,4～,5～ and 6～ ＜7 years old were 7.5%,8.9%,11.6%and 12.5%,respectively.The study found that the ametropia rate of preschool children was related to treatment in pregnancy,abnormal in newborn,mather'education,diet,daily outdoor activity time and daily sleep time(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that non-treatment in pregnancy,outdoor activity time more than 1hour every day and daily sleep time more than 8 hours was a protective factor of children with the ametropia. Conclusion The ametropia of preschool children in urban area of Shanghai is affected by a variety of factors including bad habits in daily life,which should be paid more attention to,and effective intervention measures targeting to related factors should be taken to protect visual development of children.

Key words: preschool children, ametropia, influencing factors