关键词: 低出生体重, 婴儿, 神经精神发育, 纵向研究

Abstract: Objective To monitor neuropsychological development of low birth weight infants (LBWI) during 0‵12 months in Hefei,and to provide a reference basis of growth monitoring and early intervention for LBWI. Methods The birth cohort of LBWI was established from September 2012 to September 2013,and a total of 228 LBWIs were selected into the cohort.Totally 161 normal birth weight infants(NBWI) born at the same time in the same area were selected as control group.Intelligence development of all infants were assessed at the age of 6,9 and 12 months. Results The average scores of mental development index (79.4±16.2 vs 93.5±13.3,85.6±11.7 vs 93.5±8.6,79.7±13.3 vs 86.9±13.0) and psychomotor development index (78.1±12.1 vs 88.9±9.1,79.8±16.5 vs 92.3±13.6,79.3±14.6 vs 90.8±13.8) of LBWI were significantly lower than NBWI at the age of 6,9 and 12 months in both male and female (P<0.05).The ratios of developmental delay (10.7%‵37.5%)and development deviate(12.7%‵29.8%) in LBWI group (under 10% and 15% respectively)were significantly higher than those of NBWI group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).The neuropsychologic development for LBWI in infancy had not grown up obviously,especially the psychomotor development was relatively slower. Conclusion Low birth weight is one of the risk factors for neuropsychologic development of infants.The neuropsychologic development level of LBWI can not reach that of NBWI in the first year of life.It is supposed to focus on early intervention for LBWI during infancy,and to continue the monitoring of the neuropsychologic development after birth.

Key words: low birth weight, infant, neuropsychologic development, longitudinal study