关键词: 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征, 支气管肺发育不良, 早产儿

Abstract: Objective To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low birth weight infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and gestational age < 32 weeks,in order to provide reference for the prevention of BPD. Methods A total of 138 cases of preterm infants diagnosed with NRDS,with gestational age < 32 weeks and birth weight < 1 500 g,were enrolled into this study from October 2019 to July 2020 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,and were divided into BPD group (n=32) and non-BPD group (n=106). Data on birth,treatment and pregnancy were collected and analyzed to determine the risk factors of BPD in these infants. Results Single factors analysis showed that there were significant differences in gestational age,birth weight,mechanical ventilation,glucocorticoids usage after birth,incidence rates of neonatal infection and prenatal infection between BPD group and non-BPD group (t=3.444,2.912,χ²=24.089,5.208,8.586,9.486,P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that gestational age ≥28 weeks was a protective factor for BPD(28—＜30 weeks OR=0.143,95%CI:0.035—0.579;30—＜32 weeks:OR=0.210,95%CI:0.047—0.939),while mechanical ventilation (OR=5.459,95%CI:1.991—14.963),neonatal infection (OR=4.075,95%CI:1.031—16.106) and prenatal infection(OR=3.375,95%CI:1.051—10.833)were independent risk factors of BPD (P<0.05). Conclusion Preventing infection,avoiding preterm delivery and reducing mechanical ventilation are important measures to reduce BPD in preterm infants diagnosed with NRDS,with gestational age < 32 weeks and birth weight < 1 500 g.

Key words: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, preterm infants