关键词: 婴幼儿, 养育风险, 家庭养育, 养育照护

Abstract: Objective To know about the status quo of child nursing risks for 0- to 3-year-old children in Jiaxing city, in order to provide appropriate parenting suggestions for the families with children aged 0 to 3 years. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in children aged 0 to 3 years who took physical examination at all child health clinics in Jiaxing city from 1st June to 31st July, 2020. Parents used their mobile phones to fill the Nursing Risk Questionnaire and the social demographic status online. Then family intervention guide was given according to the risk factors. Results A total of 9 384 families with 0- to 3-year-old children were investigated. The detection rate of positive parenting risk was 40.83%(43.11% for boys and 38.32% for girls),49.1% for mothers with middle school education only,40.68% for mothers with high school or college education and 33.51% for those with bachelor degree or above. Those with higher maternal education had a significantly lower positive rate of parenting risk(χ²=124.062,P＜0.001). There was no significant difference between urban and rural family, as well as different parity(P＞0.05). Boys had more rearing risks than girls and mothers with lower education had more rearing risks than those with higher education(χ²=22.247,124.062, P＜0.001). There was no significant difference in rearing risk numbers between urban and rural family, as well as among different parity groups.The top parenting risk factor for infants included rarely having lean meat or eggs everyday(8.95% - 14.90%),no picture books at home(5.27% - 11.88%), nutritional disease(5.77% - 8.02%),not giving the iron-rich food(5.19% - 6.80%), rarely talking or telling story with children(3.60% - 8.02%). Conclusions Currently, infants and young children aged 0 to 3 are generally at risk of poor parenting. Professionals need to strengthen health education and rearing risk screening, especially for boys and families with lower maternal education. Health education of infants' food supplement, early exposure to books and responsive care giving should be stressed to avoid avoidable risks in family parenting, thereby protecting the health of infants and young children physically and mentally.

Key words: infants, parenting risk, family parenting, parenting care