关键词: 妊娠期高血压疾病, 子痫, 慢性高血压, 围产儿, 出生状况

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of different types of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) on the birth conditions of their offspring, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the prognosis of their offspring.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the parturients with HDP and their newborns (n=1 004) who were born from January 2016 to December 2019 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Besides, they were divided into four types according to diagnosis, including gestational hypertension (group A, n=256), preeclampsia-eclampsia (group B, n=577), chronic hypertension(group C, n=55) and chronic hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia (group D, n=116). For comparison, 1 107 normal parturients and newborns were randomly selected into the control group. The birth conditions were compared between the two groups and among the four types of HDP.Results 1) Compared with the control group, the rates of fetal distress, fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, preterm, low birth weight, small for gestational age, neonatal asphyxia, transferring to neonatology department or other hospitals in the HDP group were significantly higher(P<0.05). 2) In terms of fetal growth restriction, placental abruption and small for gestational age, the prevalence rates in group B was significantly higher than those of group A (P<0.05). 3)The rates of preterm infants, very preterm infants, extremely preterm infants, low birth weight infants, very low birth weight infants, extremely low birth weight infants, transferring to neonatology department or other hospitals among group A, group C, group B, group D were increased in order. Pairwise comparison showed that, except for groups A and C, the differences between any two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). 4) The prevalence rate of neonatal asphyxia in group A was significantly lower than that in any other groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Chronic hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia is associated with a higher risk of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes, which could be caused by the longer course of the disease and more serious condition. It is suggested that early diagnosis and treatment of HDP should be carried out to improve the prognosis of their offsprings.

Key words: hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, perinatal infants, birth condition