关键词: 辅助生殖技术, 早产儿, 婴儿期, 认知发育, 单胎

Abstract: Objective To compare the birth outcome and cognitive development level of singleton preterm infants conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) with those of healthy infants naturally conceived, so as to provide scientific basis for the early comprehensive development of ART preterm infants.Methods A total of 28 ART singleton preterm infants and 34 NC singleton preterm infants were enrolled in this study from January 1st, 2019 to July 31st, 2021, and their relevant information were collected. Children's Neuropsychological Behavioral Development Assessment (2016 version) was conducted in all subjects at 6 and 12 months old.Results Maternal and paternal age for childbearing(t=2.536,2.055), the rates of pregnancy complications(χ²=11.442), cesarean section(χ²=6.115) and low birth weight(χ²=4.736) of ART preterm infants were all significantly higher than those of NC infants (P＜0.05). ART group and NC group had similar physical development levels and trends at birth, 6 months old and 12 months old (P＞0.05). The total development quotient, the scores of fine motor development and language development at 6 months old of ART preterm infants were 92.23±8.15, 88.38±7.64, 89.95±12.35, significantly lower than those in NC group, while the score of warning behavior(3.57±3.12) was significantly higher (t=2.376, 2.163, 2.142, 2.467, P＜0.05). But the cognitive development levels of the two groups were similar at the age of 12 months (P＞0.05).Conclusions ART singleton preterm infants have more adverse high-risk factors during the fetal period, but the physical development reaches the level of naturally conceived infants. The health promotion of fine motor and language skills should be strengthened, as well as the behavior screening for autism in the early infancy of ART infants, so as to promote their early and comprehensive development.

Key words: assisted reproduction technology, preterm, infant, cognitive development, singleton