关键词: 小于胎龄儿, 神经发育, 早产儿

Abstract: Objective To study neurodevelopmental outcomes at the age of 18-24 months in small for gestational age preterm infants with gestational age of 30-34 weeks,in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical improvement of diagnosis,treatment and early intervention in preterm infants. Methods A prospective cohort study was adopted. Premature infants,who were born at gestational age of 30-34 weeks and received regular follow-up management at high-risk infant outpatient clinic in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to December 2017. And the participants were divided into small for gestational age (SGA) group and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group. Birth data,perinatal factors,early complications,physical growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes between SGA group and AGA group were compared,also the effect of early complications of SGA infants on neurodevelopmental outcomes was observed. Results A total of 122 follow-up preterm infants were included in the study,with 58 in SGA group and 64 in AGA group. There was no significant differences on perinatal and postnatal complications between the two groups (P>0.05).Theadaptability,gross motor,fine motor and language in SGA group at the adjusted age of 6-12 months old were inferior to those of control group(P<0.05),while individual social development was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). The gross motor and fine motor in SGA group at the adjusted age of 18-24 months old were inferior to those of control group(P<0.05),while the adaptability,language and individual social development were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia were more likely to develop neurodevelopmental retardation (DQ≤75),and the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The gross motor and fine motor in SGA infants at the adjusted age of 18-24 months old lag behind AGA infants at the same age. And bronchopulmonary dysplasial(BPD) may be a potential risk factor for neurodevelopmental retardation.

Key words: small for gestational age, neurodevelopment, preterm infants