关键词: 儿童营养不良, 营养性疾病, 生长迟缓, 肥胖

Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of nutritional diseases in children under 5 years old in Lanzhou from 2000 to 2018, and to explore the possible influencing factors. Methods Data of maternal and child health annual report in Lanzhou from 2000 to 2018 were collected, and the results were described by dynamic series through Chi-square and trend Chi-square test and Spearman correlation test with SPSS 20.0 software. Results From 2000 to 2018, the prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition in children under 5 years old in Lanzhou was 2.57%, showing a downward trend (χ²_trend=159.200, P<0.05).There was no significant difference between urban areas and counties (χ²=0.205, P > 0.05).The low weight rate (1.65%), growth retardation rate (0.69%), overweight rate (2.21%) and obesity rate (0.05%) of children under 5 years old in Lanzhou showed a downward trend from 2014 to 2018(P<0.05).Neonatal visit, healthcare coverage for children under 7 years old, systematic management for children under 3 years old, breastfeeding within 6 months old and exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months old were all negatively correlated with the occurrence of moderate and severe malnutrition in children under 5 years old (r=-0.712,-0.663,-0.784,-0.750,-0.909,P<0.05). Conclusions The rate of moderate and severe malnutrition of children under 5 years old in Lanzhou is decreasing, and the gap between cities and counties is gradually narrowing.At present, there is a double burden of overweight and obesity in urban children and low weight growth retardation in suburban children in Lanzhou, but the prevalence is at a low level in the whole country.Thus it is supposed to strengthen children's health care, actively carry out health education and promote children's healthy growth.

Key words: child malnutrition, nutritional disease, growth retardation, obesity