关键词: 肠道菌群, 脑肠轴, 孤独症谱系障碍, 癫痫, 抑郁症

Abstract: In recent years, with the development of gene sequencing technology, more and more studies have been done on gut microbiota.Each individual's gut microbiota is unique, which is similar to each person's own genes.So it can be compared to " the second fingerprint of human beings".The gut microbiota progress most rapidly in the first three years of life, when was the most critical period of brain development for infants and young children.Their microbial composition changes with age.The brain-gut axis plays an important role in the connection between the brain and the intestinal tract, and intestinal microbiota can directly or indirectly affect the brain-gut axis, thus affecting the brain function through a variety of ways.At present, there are more studies on gut microbiota in adult neurological disorders, but few studies on intestinal flora and childhood neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and adolescent depression.Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the recent research progress of intestinal microbiota and neurological disorders in children.

Key words: gut microbiota, brain gut axis, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, depression