Abstract: Objective To observe the growth and development, as well as catch-up growth of premature infants within corrected age of 24 months, and to determine the catch-up growth period. Methods A total of 270 premature infants and 105 full-term infants, who took physical examination in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shuangliu District, Chengdu during December 2016 to December 2017, were enrolled in this study.These infants were divided into non-premature infant group, low-risk premature infant group and high-risk premature infant group.The Z-score method was used to assess body weight, body length, head circumference and body weight for height, thus to analyze the catch-up growth within 24 months of correct age. Results The body length, body weight, head circumference and body weight for height in both premature infants and full-term infants showed catch-up growth within 24 months of correct age.The incidence of catch-up growth in weight was high within 2 months of correct age, and the peak of catch-up growth lasted longer in height.After 5 months of corrected age, the incidence of catch-up growth leveled off, and the groups diverged in terms of height by weight after 6 months old.At 24 months of corrected age, the incidence rates of catch-up growth in weight, length, head circumference and length-by-weight were 83.2%, 66.27%, 37.73%, and 89.7% for the low-risk group and 89.0%, 70.21%, 49.7%, and 98.98% for the high-risk group. Conclusions The growth trajectories of preterm and full-term infants are inconsistent, and the low-risk preterm infants show greater growth potential.The premature infants basically complete catch-up growth within 5 months of correct age, and the catch-up growth of body weight, body length and head circumference is unbalanced.

Key words: preterm infant, catch-up growth, Z score

摘要： 目的 研究早产儿在矫正月龄24月内的生长发育情况和追赶生长出现情况,确定追赶生长出现的时间段。方法 选取在2016年12月-2017年12月在成都市双流区妇幼保健院建立定期随访档案的早产儿270例和非早产儿105例,分为非早产儿组、低危早产儿组和高危早产儿组进行分析研究。采用Z评分法对身长、体重、头围和身长别体重进行评估,分析早产儿在矫正月龄24月内追赶生长情况。结果 早产儿和非早产儿在矫正24月内身长、体重、头围和身长别体重均有出现追赶性生长。体重在矫正月龄2个月内追赶生长发生率高,身长的追赶生长高峰持续时间更长,在矫正月龄5月后,追赶生长发生率趋于平稳,各组身长别体重在6月后出现分化。在矫正24月龄时,体重、身长、头围和身长别体重的追赶生长发生率,低危儿组为83.2%、66.27%、37.73%、89.7%;高危儿组为89%、70.21%、49.7%、98.98%。结论 早产儿和非早产儿生长轨迹不一致,低危早产儿表现出了更大的生长潜力。在矫正月龄5个月内早产儿组基本完成了追赶生长,体重、身长和头围的追赶生长存在不均衡性。

关键词: 早产儿, 追赶生长, Z评分