Physical activity and early childhood development of preschool children

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-0597

Abstract

Abstract: Physical activity is the main form of play, games and daily life for preschool children and the important means of early nurturance, education and medical rehabilitation. It plays a positive and beneficial role in promoting the early brain, body, cognition, emotion and social development of children, shaping the overall life development trajectory and physical-mental health of children. This article highlights the latest research advances and future research perspectives in the areas of physical activity and early physical development, brain, cognitive development and social development.

Key words: preschool children, physical activities, body development, cognitive development, social development

摘要： 身体活动是学龄前儿童玩耍、游戏和日常生活的主要活动形式,也是早期养育、教育以及医疗康复的重要手段,在促进儿童早期身体、大脑、认知、情感和社会发展,塑造整体人生发展轨迹以及儿童身心健康等方面发挥积极有益的作用。本文重点介绍身体活动与早期身体发展、脑与认知发展和社会发展领域的最新研究进展及其未来研究展望。

关键词: 学龄前儿童, 身体活动, 身体发展, 认知发展, 社会发展

CLC Number:

R179

WANG Jian. Physical activity and early childhood development of preschool children[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2022, 30(6): 585-590.

王健. 身体活动与学龄前儿童早期发展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2022, 30(6): 585-590.

References

[1] 王健.健康体适能[M]. 北京:人民体育出版社, 2008.
[2] Crumbley CA,Ledoux TA,Johnston CA. Physical activity during early childhood: The importance of parental modeling[J]. Am J Lifestyle Med,2020,14(1):32-35.
[3] Bangsbo J, Krustrup P, Duda J,et al. The Copenhagen Consensus Conference 2016: Children, youth, and physical activity in schools and during leisure time[J]. Br J Sports Med,2016,50(19):1177-1178.
[4] Popovic S, Sarmento H, Demetriou Y,et al. Editorial: Monitoring and promoting physical activity and physical fitness in children[J]. Front. Public Health, 2021,633457.
[5] Meyer U,Romann M, Zahner L, et al. Effect of a general school-based physical activity intervention on bone mineral content and density: A cluster-randomized controlled trial[J]. Bone, 2011,48(4):792-797.
[6] Fuchs RK, Bauer JJ, Snow CM. Jumping improves hip and lumbar spine bone mass in prepubescent children: A randomized controlled trial[J]. J Bone and Mineral Research, 2001,16(1):148-156.
[7] Nemet D, Geva D, Pantanowitz M, et al. Long term effects of a health promotion intervention in low socioeconomic arab-israeli kindergartens[J]. BMC Pediatrics, 2013,13(1):45.
[8] Largués E, Recasens MA, Manresa JM, et al. Four-year outcomes of an educational intervention in healthy habits in schoolchildren: The avall 3 trial[J]. Eur J Public Health,2017,27(1):42-47.
[9] Carter PJ, Taylor BJ, Williams SM,et al. A longitudinal analysis of sleep in relation to BMI and body fat in children: the FLAME study[J].BMJ,2011,342:d2717.
[10] 马瑞, 宋珩. 基本运动技能发展对儿童身体活动与健康的影响[J]. 体育科学, 2017,37(4):54-61.
[11] Nilsen AKO, Anderssen SA, Loftesnes JM, et al. The multivariate physical activity signature associated with fundamental motor skills in preschoolers[J]. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2020,38(3):264-272.
[12] Veldman SLC, Chin A Paw MJM, Altenburg TM.Physical activity and prospective associations with indicators of health and development in children aged <5 years:A systematic review[J]. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity,2021,18:6.
[13] Bürgi F, Meyer U, Granacher U, et al. Relationship of physical activity with motor skills, aerobic fitness and body fat in preschool children: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study[J]. International Journal of Obesity, 2011,5(7):937-944.
[14] Fang H,Quan M, Zhou T, et al. Relationship between physical activity and physical fitness in preschool children:A cross-sectional study[J]. BioMed Research International, 2017,2017:1-8.
[15] Fong SSM, Tsang WWN, Ng GYF. Taekwondo training improves sensory organization and balance control in children with developmental coordination disorder:A randomized controlled trial[J]. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2012,33(1):85-95.
[16] Farhat F, Hsairi I, Baati H, et al. The effect of a motor skills training program in the improvement of practiced and non-practiced tasks performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD)[J]. Human Movement Science, 2016,46:10-22.
[17] Schlesinger MA, Hassinger-Das B, Zosh JM, et al. Cognitive behavioral science behind the value of play:Leveraging everyday experiences to promote play, learning, and positive interactions[J]. Journal of Infant, Child & Adolescent Psychotherapy, 2020,19 (2):202-216.
[18] Altenburg TM,Chinapaw MJM, Singh AS. Effects of one versus two bouts of moderate intensity physical activity on selective attention during a school morning in Dutch primary schoolchildren:A randomized controlled trial[J]. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2016,19(10):820-824.
[19] Gallotta MC, Emerenziani G, Iazzoni S, et al. Impacts of coordinative training on normal weight and overweight/obese children's attentional performance[J]. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2015,28(9):577.
[20] Slattery EJ, O'Callaghan E, Ryan P, et al. Popular interventions to enhance sustained attention in children and adolescents:A critical systematic review[J]. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,2022,137:104633.
[21] Fandakova Y, Bunge SA. What connections can we draw between research on long-term memory and student learning?[J].Mind, Brain, and Education, 2016,10(3):135-141.
[22] Rodriguez CC, de Camargo EM, Rodriguez-Añez CR, et al. Physical activity, physical fitness and academic achievement in adolescents:A systematic review[J]. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 2020,26(5):441-448.
[23] Duncan M, Johnson A. The effect of differing intensities of acute cycling on preadolescent academicachievement[J]. European Journal of Sport Science, 2014,14(3):279-286.
[24] Hillman CH,Pontifex MB, Raine LB, et al. The effect of acute treadmill walking on cognitive control and academic achievement in preadolescent children[J]. Neuroscience, 2009,159(3):1044-1054.
[25] Davis CL,Tomporowski PD, McDowell JE, et al. Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children:A randomized, controlled trial[J]. Health Psychology, 2011,30(1):91-98.
[26] Drollette ES, Scudder MR, Raine LB, et al. Acute exercise facilitates brain function and cognition in children who need it most:An ERP study of individual differences in inhibitory control capacity[J]. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 2014,7:53-64.
[27] Hillman CH,Pontifex MB, Castelli DM, et al. Effects of the FITKids randomized controlled trial on executive control and brain function[J]. Pediatrics, 2014,134(4):1063-1971.
[28] Kamijo K, Pontifex MB, O'Leary KC, et al. The effects of an afterschool physical activity program on working memory in preadolescent children[J]. Developmental Science, 20111,4(5):1046-1058.
[29] 盖笑松, 许洁, 闫艳, 等. 体感游戏促进儿童的执行功能: 运动强度和认知参与的作用[J]. 心理学报, 2021,53(5):505-514.
[30] Liang X, Li R, Wong SHS, et al. The effects of exercise interventions on executive functions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder:A systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Sports Medicine, 2022,52(1):75-88.
[31] Benzing V, Chang YK, Schmidt M. Acute physical activity enhances executive functions in children with ADHD[J]. Scientific Reports, 2018,8:12382.
[32] 杨波. ADHD儿童执行功能的运动干预效果[J].中国体育科技,2021,57(8):96-102.
[33] Voss MW,Vivar C, Kramer AF, et al. Bridging animal and human models of exercise-induced brain plasticity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2013,17(10):525-544.
[34] De Menezes-Junior FJ, Jesus íC, Brand C, et al. Physical exercise and brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in children and adolescents:A systematic review with Meta-analysis[J]. Pediatric Exercise Science, 2021,34(1):44-53.
[35] Knaepen K,Goekint M,Heyman EM,et al. Neuroplasticity-exercise-induced response of peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor[J]. Sports Medicine, 2010,40(9):765-801.
[36] Chang YK,Labban JD, Gapin JI, et al. The effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance:A meta-analysis[J]. Brain Research, 2012,1453:87-101.
[37] Hillman CH, Buck SM,Themanson JR, et al. Aerobic fitness and cognitive development: Event-related brain potential and task performance indices of executive control in preadolescent children[J].Developmental Psychology, 2009,45(1):114-129.
[38] Chen AG, Zhu LN, Yan J, et al. Neural basis of working memory enhancement after acute aerobic exercise: FMRI study of preadolescent children[J]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2016,7: 1804.
[39] Chaddock-Heyman L, Erickson KI, Kienzler C, et al. Physical activity increases white matter microstructure in children[J]. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018,12:950.
[40] Schaeffer DJ, Krafft CE, Schwarz NF, et al. An 8-month exercise intervention alters frontotemporal white matter integrity in overweight children[J]. Psychophysiology, 2014,51(8):728-733.
[41] Moeijes J,van Busschbach JT,Bosscher R. Sports participation and psychosocial health: a longitudinal observational study in children[J]. BMC Public Health, 2018,18(1):702.
[42] Slutzky C,Simpkins SD.The link between children's sport participation and self-esteem: Exploring the mediating role of sport self-concept[J]. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009,10(3):381-389.
[43] 黄珊. 角色扮演类体育游戏对幼儿公平意识的影响[J]. 当代体育科技, 2021,11(6):231-234.
[44] 漆昌柱, 邱泽瀚, 赵丹妹, 等. 体育锻炼对儿童性别角色社会化的影响[J]. 武汉体育学院学报, 2011,45(11):63-66.
[45] Bento G,Disas G.The importance of outdoor play for young children's healthy development[J]. Porto Biomedical Journal, 2017,2(5):157-160.
[46] Sterkowicz-przybycien K.Educational judo benefits on the preschool children's behavior[J]. J Combat Sports Martial Arts, 2014,5(1):23-26.
[47] Dorak R,Yildiz L,Sortuliu C.The effects of eight weeks of sports activities on self-sufficiency, social skills and some physical fitness parameters in children 9-10 years of age[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2012,47:1286-1291.
[48] 蔡可龙.小篮球运动对学龄前孤独症谱系障碍儿童社交障碍及脑白质完整性的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2021.
[49] Fei D,Lin Z,Changqing S.An experiment of influence of sports games on 3-6 years old young children's social behaviors[J].2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC), 2011.doi: 10.1109/AIMSEC.2011.6009799.
[50] Vazou S,mantis C,Luzern G.Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study[J]. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2017,6(2):241-247.
[51] Cavadini T,Richard S,Dalla0libera N.Emotion knowledge, social behaviour and locomotor activity predict the mathematic performance in 706 preschool children[J]. Scientific reports, 2021,11(1):1-13.