Abstract: Objective To analyze the associations between different types of video screen time and psychological behaviors of preschool children, in order to provide evidence for promoting the development of children's mental health. Methods From February to March 2023, a total of 1 361 parents of children aged 3 - 6 years from 6 kindergartens of Lanzhou were surveyed by cluster sampling method.Parents were surveyed to obtain information about the video use, and the children's Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (parent version) was used to assess children's psychological and behavioral problems. Results The rate of daily screen time exceeding standard was 36.96% (503/1 361).The screen time was mainly spent in watching TV cartoons, followed by educational APP.The detection rate of abnormal total difficulty score was 11.61% (158/1 361), and the abnormalities of peer communication (32.26%) and prosocial behavior (12.34%) were the most prominent.After adjusting for related factors by multiple Logistic regression analysis, total screen time≥2h/d (OR=1.802) was found to be a risk factor for abnormal total difficulty score; watching TV cartoons≥2h/d was a risk factor for abnormal total difficulty score (OR=2.409) and peer communication (OR=2.222); playing games≥1h/d was a risk factor for abnormal total difficulty score, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactive behavior, and abnormalities of peer communication, the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05).However, educational APP screen time<1h/d was a protective factor for abnormal total difficulty score(OR=0.615) and prosocial behavior (OR=0.549), but educational APP screen time≥2h/d was a risk factor for conduct problems (OR=2.302), the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The screen time of preschool children in Lanzhou cannot be ignored, and there is a significant correlation between overuse and children's psychological and behavioral problems.Parents and schools should attach importance to the parent-child and peer interaction of preschool children and strengthen the intervention of preschool children's video behavior.

Key words: computer terminals, screen time, mental health, behavioral problems, preschool children

摘要： 目的 分析学龄前儿童不同类型视屏时间与心理行为的关联,为促进儿童心理健康发展提供依据。方法 2023年2―3月按照整群抽样的方法在兰州市6所幼儿园的1 361名3~6岁儿童家长进行调查获取视屏相关信息,同时采用儿童长处和困难问卷(父母版)评估心理行为问题。结果 学龄前儿童每天视屏超标率为36.96%(503/1 361)。视屏使用以看电视动画片为主,其次是教育类APP。困难总分异常的检出率为11.61%(158/1 361),以同伴交往(32.26%)及亲社会行为(12.34%)异常最为突出。通过多元Logistic回归分析校正相关因素后,总视屏时长≥2h/d是困难总分异常的危险因素(OR=1.802);看电视动画片≥2h/d是困难总分异常(OR=2.409)、同伴交往(OR=2.222)的危险因素;玩游戏≥1h/d是困难总分异常、情绪症状、品行问题、多动行为及同伴交往的危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。使用教育类APP<1h/d是困难总分异常(OR=0.615)、亲社会行为(OR=0.549)的保护因素,但使用≥2h/d是品行问题(OR=2.302)的危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 兰州市学龄前儿童视屏状况不容忽视,过度使用与儿童心理行为问题存在显著关联。家长和学校应重视学龄前儿童亲子及同伴互动,加强对学龄前儿童视屏行为的干预。

关键词: 计算机终端, 视屏时间, 心理健康, 行为问题, 学龄前儿童