Abstract: 【Objective】 To examine and compare infant feeding knowledge and behavior of caregivers of preterm/low birth weight(LBW) infants(preterm group) and full term infants(full term group) in two counties in western China. 【Methods】 Interviews were conducted among the caregivers of 522 preterm/LBW infants and 559 full term infants by trained interviewers using questionnaires. Information concerning infant feeding knowledge and behavior was collected. Chi-square and analysis of variance(ANOVA) test were employed to test between-group differences in demographic characteristics, feeding knowledge and behaviors. 【Results】 The proportion of caregivers who knew right duration for exclusive breastfeeding was 56.5% for preterm/LBW group and 57.3% for the full term group, while the proportions who knew the benefits of complementary foods were 34.5% and 33.7% and the proportions who thought the right time to added complementary foods to infant diet were 33.8% and 34.7%. Such differences were not statistically significant. Less preterm/LBW infants than full term infants were exclusively breastfed within six months(26.6% vs 37.5%, χ² =13.18,P<0.01) and continued to be breastfed(7.1% vs 11.8% of full term infants) up to now after complementary foods were added. Similar results existed in the proportions who began to eat complementary foods at six months(31.5% of preterm/LBW infant and 32.6% of full term infants), and those whose initial complementary food was iron-fortified infant cereal(17.4% of preterm/LBW infant and 20.6% of full term infants). No statistically significant differences were observed in those proportions. More preterm/LBW infants were given milk in their weekly menu (54.4% vs 44.8% of full term infants,χ² =9.36,P<0.01). No significant differences were observed in the proportions who took egg/meat(66.8% vs 69.0%), vegetables/fruits(41.3% vs 40.7%) each week, and who took iron-containing supplements after birth(18.7% vs 19.6%), for preterm/LBW group and full term group, respectively. 【Conclusions】 The caregivers of both preterm/LBW group and full term group lack infant feeding knowledge. The ineffective infant feeding behaviors were common among either preterm/LBW group or full term group. It is necessary to take effective and feasible measures to strength health education and to improve caregivers' infant nutrition and feeding knowledge, especially among preterm/LBW infants.

Key words: preterm infant, low birth weight, full term infant, feeding knowledge and behavior

摘要： 【目的】 比较我国西部两县早产/低出生体重儿(简称早产组)与正常足月儿(简称足月组)养护人的喂养知识和行为。 【方法】 利用对559名早产/低出生体重儿和522名足月儿的问卷调查资料的分析,应用χ²检验和方差分析比较早产组与足月组养护人的喂养知识及行为。 【结果】 早产组与足月组分别有56.5%和57.3%的养护人了解纯母乳喂养持续时间,34.5%和33.7%知道辅食添加的好处,33.8%和34.7%知道开始添加辅食的时间,差异均无统计学意义。早产组和足月组6个月以内纯母乳喂养的比例分别为26.6%和37.5%,添加辅食后目前仍继续母乳喂养的比例分别为7.1%和11.8%,差异均有统计学意义。早产组与足月组6个月开始添加辅食的比例(31.5%和32.6%)以及首次添加的辅食种类为铁强化婴儿营养米粉的比例(17.4%和20.6%)均相近。早产组每周摄入普通牛奶的比例高于足月组(54.4%和44.8%),差异有统计学意义;早产组与足月组每周摄入肉蛋类(66.8%和69.0%)、蔬果类(41.3%和40.7%)食物的比例以及出生后按时服用过补铁药物的比例(18.7%和19.6%)均接近,上述差异均无统计学意义。 【结论】 早产组与足月组养护人有关婴幼儿喂养知识均较缺乏,早产组采取不适宜喂养行为的比例更高。建议加强养护人对婴幼儿特别是早产/低出生体重儿的营养和喂养知识的健康教育。

关键词: 早产儿, 低出生体重儿, 足月儿, 喂养知识和行为