Abstract: Objective Physical development of children and adolescents always attracts widespread attention in society.Decisions for policy making and planning in public health must be based on accurate anthropometric informations about the population. Methods With a longitudinal study design,physical growth were continuously monitored in 933 pupils of Dalian,China,from 2004 to 2009.Height,weight and BMI were transformed into Z-scores relative to the WHO 2007 with respect to gender and exact age.All analyses were conducted with SAS 9.0 for Windows. Results The average height and weight for children of 7~12 years old in Dalian were higher than the WHO 2007 references.BMI Z-scores for boys were significantly greater than the WHO 2007 references,whereas BMI Z-scores for girls were close to or lower than the WHO 2007 references. Conclusion The trends of growth and development among boys and girls of 7~12 years old in Dalian showed different trends from the world average as compared to the WHO references.Height,weight and BMI Z-scores were generally greater than the WHO standards.The major reasons for the differences may be due to rapid socioeconomic development and improvements in nutrition and living conditions.Our findings suggest the necessity of taking effective measures to curb childhood obesity,especially in boys.

Key words: longitudinal study, children and adolescents, growth and development

摘要： 目的 儿童青少年的生长发育问题历来被社会广泛关注,准确的体格指标信息是制定公共卫生政策和计划的重要依据。方法 采用追踪调查方法,对大连市933名小学生连续6年进行体格监测。按照WHO 2007的标准计算不同性别、年龄的小学生身高、体重、BMI的Z评分。使用SAS 9.0进行统计分析。结果 大连市7~12岁男女学生的身高、体重均高于WHO 2007 的参照值,小学6年间各年龄组男生BMI Z评分均值均为正值,且远远高于WHO 2007标准。而女生BMI 接近或低于WHO 2007标准。各年龄组男、女生平均身高、体重均高于全国标准;男生9~12岁间BMI超过全国标准;女生8~12岁间BMI超过全国标准。 结论 大连市7~12岁男女学生的身高、体重、BMI的Z评分基本上均高于WHO 2007 的标准和全国标准。这种差异主要归结于社会经济的快速发展、营养及生活条件的改善。应该采取有效措施控制儿童青少年肥胖,尤其是男生。

关键词: 追踪研究, 儿童青少年, 生长发育