Abstract: Objective To analyze the language development of autistic children aged around 4 years and the gap between autistic children and normal children at the same age. Methods 1) Vocabulary mastery scale was used to measure the mastery of vocabulary between 103 normal children and 100 autistic children.2) Autism Rating Scale (CARS),Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Vocabulary Mastery Scale were used to measure the language ability of autistic children,and the correlation among the three methods was calculated. Results Significant differences on the mastery of vocabulary between autistic children and normal children were found (P<0.01),and the degree of vocabulary damage varied with each other.Vocabulary mastery was positively related to CARS and ABC. Conclusion 3.5 to 4.5-year-old autistic children's language ability is significantly lower than that of normal children,vocabulary mastery has a "broken all" mode.CARS,ABC,and Vocabulary Mastery Scales are reliable for measuring autistic children's language abilities.

Key words: autistic children, language development, vocabulary

摘要： 目的 分析4岁左右孤独症儿童语言发育的情况及与同龄正常儿童的差距。方法 1)利用词汇掌握量表测量103例正常儿童和100例孤独症儿童词汇掌握情况。2)利用儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)、孤独症行为检查量表(ABC)、词汇掌握量表对孤独症儿童语言能力进行测量,并计算三种测量方法的相关性。结果 孤独症儿童与正常儿童在各类词汇掌握上均有显著性差异(P<0.01),且各类词汇损伤程度变化一致。词汇掌握情况与CARS、 ABC中语言能力的得分呈显著正相关。结论 3.5~4.5岁孤独症儿童语言能力显著低于同龄正常儿童,词汇掌握呈现“一损俱损”的模式。利用CARS,ABC以及词汇掌握量表测量孤独症儿童语言能力的方法是可靠的。

关键词: 孤独症儿童, 语言能力发展, 词汇