Abstract: Objective To explore the status of positive psychological traits in rural orphans and its relationships with health risk behaviors,iin order to provide scientific basis of prevention and intervention. Methods A total of 56 orphans and 56 non-orphans in rural middle school were surveyed with the Positive Mental Characters Scale for Chinese School Students (PMCSCSS) and the Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI) from October 2015 to April 2016. Results 1) Orphans performed significantly lower scores than non-orphans in the positive traits of creativity,craving for knowledge,thinking & insight,persistence,kindness,leadship,teamwork and spirituality (P<0.05);2) Orphans' positive traits of craving for knowledge,thinking & insight,persistence,kindness,prudence,faith & hope and spirituality were significantly negatively related to the six types of health risk behaviors (P<0.05);3) Orphans' positive traits of thinking & insight,craving for knowledge,persistence,kindness and faith &hope significantly could predict the six types of health risk behaviors reversely (P<0.05). Conclusion The current study suggests that the positive psychological traits of rural orphans are at low level,and positive psychological traits are the important protective factors of health risk behaviors in rural orphans.

Key words: rural orphan, positive psychological trait, health risk behavior, protective factor

摘要： 目的 探索农村孤儿的积极心理品质状况及其与健康危险行为的关系,为孤儿健康危险行为的预防与干预提供科学依据。方法 2015年10月-2016年4月采用中国中小学生积极心理品质量表和青少年健康相关危险行为问卷对农村中学56名在校孤儿和56名在校非孤儿进行了调查。结果 1)孤儿在创造力、求知力、思维与洞察力、执着、友善、领导力、合作力、心灵触动等8项积极心理品质上的得分显著低于非孤儿(P<0.05);2)孤儿的求知力、思维与洞察力、执着、友善、持重、信念与希望、心灵触动等7项积极心理品质与6类健康危险行为存在显著负相关(P<0.05);3)思维与洞察力、求知力、执着、友善、信念与希望等品质对六类健康危险行为具有显著的反向预测作用(P<0.05)。结论 农村孤儿的积极心理品质发展水平较低,积极心理品质是健康危险行为的重要保护因素。

关键词: 农村孤儿, 积极心理品质, 健康危险行为, 保护因素