Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its influence on intellectual development among the Han nationality and the Dongxiang nationality school-aged children in Lanzhou city and Dongxiang county. Methods A total of 396 children aged 6～12 were selected from two schools in Lanzhou City and Dongxiang County by random stratified sampling. The physical development indicators were measured and the blood was collected and questionnaires were investigated. The blood routineand serum iron and other indicators were analyzed. Children conformed to the diagnostic criteria were enrolled in the IDA group,healthy children with similar background were enrolled in the control group. China-Webster Children′s Intelligence Scale (C-WISC) was used to assess the intelligence of children in both groups. Results IDA prevalence rate was 8.6% in this study. The language IQ and total IQ of IDA group were lower than that of the control group,mainly in the C factor; Operating IQ of children in rural areas (Dongxiang county) was lower than that in urban areas (Lanzhou City); In IDA group,the scores of children′s jigsaw puzzles and memorize numbers in Dongxiang County were lower than those in Lanzhou city,and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of IDA in children is still high in Lanzhou. IDA has a certain influence on children′s intellectual development. And there are some differences on intellectual development between children from urban and rural areas.

Key words: iron deficiency anemia, school-age children, intelligence, Dongxiang nationality

摘要： 目的 探讨兰州市和东乡县汉族与东乡族学龄期儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)的发病情况及其对智力发育的影响。方法 于兰州市及东乡县的两所学校随机分层抽样包括汉族及东乡族6～12岁儿童396名。进行体格发育指标测量、静脉血采集以及问卷调查,分析血常规及血清铁等指标,其中符合IDA诊断标准的为贫血组,选取背景资料相似的健康儿童为对照组,使用中国-韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)评估两组儿童的智力水平,并行相关分析研究。 结果 IDA患病率为8.6%。贫血组儿童语言智商及总智商均低于对照组,主要体现在C因子方面;农村地区(东乡县)儿童操作智商较城市地区(兰州市)儿童低;贫血组中东乡县儿童拼图及背数分测试分值低于兰州市儿童,差异具有统计学意义。结论 抽查学校的儿童IDA患病率仍高,形势严峻;IDA对儿童智力发育存在一定影响;城乡两地儿童智力发育存在一定差异。

关键词: 缺铁性贫血, 学龄期儿童, 智力, 东乡族