Abstract: Objective To explore the occurrence and hospitalization of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in premature infants,in order to provide guidance for the treatment of premature infants during hospitalization. Methods A total of 200 preterm infants hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology in Children′s Hospital of Soochow University were studied from 2015 to 2017.The perinatal data of these preterm infants,nutrition and disease during hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 200 preterm infants in this study,23.5% (47/200)cases suffered from intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR),of which 10%(20/200) were serious.And 97.9% (46/47) IUGR children developed extrauterine growth retardation(EUGR),68%(32/47) were serious.In children without IUGR,the incidence of EUGR was 51.6%(47/153),and 6.5%(10/153) were serious.There were significant differences on the prevalence of EUGR and severe EUGR between IUGR group and non IUGR group (P<0.01).The smaller the birth weight was,the lower the percentage of the average weight in growth curve at the same gestational age would be (χ²=55.615,P<0.01).And with the increase of birth weight,the incidence of IUGR gradually decreased.Compared with the non IUGR group,the prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension infants in IUGR group was significantly higher (P<0.01).The duration of milk opening,fasting time and total enteral nutrition time during hospitalization were longer in IUGR group than those in non IUGR group (P<0.05).The level of the lowest globulin in non IUGR group was lower than that of the IUGR group (P<0.05).The prevalence rates of PICC,blood transfusion (severe anemia),pneumonia,septicemia,hypoproteinemia,electrolyte disturbance,feeding intolerance and MRI indicating intracranial lesions were higher than those in non IUGR group (P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of IUGR in hospitalized preterm infants is high,and EUGR is more likely to occur in premature infants with IUGR.There were significant differences on the hospitalization conditions between IUGR and non IUGR children.Understanding the characteristics of IUGR preterm children can better guide the clinical treatment.

Key words: premature infants, intrauterine growth restriction, influencing factor

摘要： 目的 研究宫内生长发育迟缓(IUGR)早产儿的发生情况和住院情况,为早产儿住院期间治疗提供指导。方法 对2015-2017年于苏州大学附属儿童医院新生儿科住院治疗的早产儿200例进行研究。回顾性分析这些早产儿围生期资料、住院期间营养和疾病情况。结果 在本研究样本中的200例早产儿中,发生IUGR者占 23.5%(47/200),其中严重IUGR占10%(20/200)。IUGR患儿中,发生宫外生长发育迟缓(EUGR)为97.9%(46/47),严重EUGR为68.0%(32/47)。非IUGR患儿中,发生EUGR为51.6%(47/153),严重EUGR为6.5%(10/153)。IUGR组与非IUGR组间EUGR以及严重EUGR发生率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。出生体重越小,出生体重所在同龄儿生长曲线上的百分比越低(χ²=55.615,P<0.01)。随着出生体重增加,IUGR发生率逐渐下降。IUGR组母亲妊高症的发生率明显高于非IUGR组(P<0.01)。IUGR组住院期间开奶时间、禁食时间、达到全肠道营养时间大于非IUGR组(P<0.05)。非IUGR组最低球蛋白数值低于IUGR组(P<0.05)。IUGR组在中心静脉置管、输血(严重贫血)、肺炎、败血症、低蛋白血症、电解质紊乱、喂养不耐受、MRI显示颅内病变人数的发生率高于非IUGR组(P<0.05)。结论 住院早产儿中IUGR发生率较高,发生IUGR的早产儿更易出现EUGR。IUGR组与非IUGR住院情况存在显著差异。重视IUGR早产儿的特点能更好地指导临床治疗。

关键词: 早产儿, 宫内生长发育迟缓, 影响因素