Abstract: Objective To investigate the health status and promote improvements of preschool and kindergarten children. Method Data analysis on the physical examination Results of preschool and kindergarten children were analysed in Beibei district from 2012 to 2014. Results In Beibei district,more than 98.93% preschool and kindergarten children reached the qualified rates of children's height and weight.The incidences of emaciation,underweight and growth retardation were 0.83%,0.68%,0.95% respectively and was declining.The rates of obesity,tooth decay and poor vision increased to 6.04%,57.72% and 29.33% respectively in 2014 from 5.15%,31.67% and 24.03% in 2012.The incidences of underweight,growth retardation,tooth decay and anaemia of children in private nurseries were significantly higher than those of public kindergartens.The rates of obesity and overweight of children in public kindergartens were significantly higher than those of private preschools,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01).Boys had higher rates of obesity and overweight than girls (P<0.01).While,the incidences of dental caries,poor vision and nutritional anemia of girls were higher than boys with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Preschool and kindergarten children in Beibei district are in good health.The incidences of overweight and obesity,dental caries,poor vision are unoptimistic.The focus of the health management of preschool and kindergarten children in Beibei district should be on the five sense organs.For MCH institutions,supervision on the health-care of private nurseries should be intensified.

Key words: preschool and kindergarten children, health status, physical development

摘要： 目的 了解重庆北碚区托幼机构儿童健康体检状况并提出改善措施,以保障在园儿童的身体健康。方法 对北碚区5个街道所有托幼机构儿童2012-2014年健康体检结果进行体检分析。结果 北碚区托幼机构儿童身高、体重达标率达98.93%以上;消瘦、低体重和生长迟缓率分别为0.83%、0.68、0.95%,且呈逐年下降的趋势;肥胖、龋齿及视力不良发生率分别由2012年的5.15%、31.67%、24.03%上升到2014年的6.04%、57.72%、29.33%;私立托幼机构儿童的低体重率、发育迟缓发生率、龋齿患病率、贫血患病率均高于公立托幼机构的儿童,差异有统计学意义。公立托幼机构儿童的肥胖率和超重率明显高于私立托幼机构的儿童,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);男童的肥胖率及超重率高于女童,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);女童的龋齿患病率、视力不良发生率及营养性贫血发生率高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 北碚区托幼机构儿童健康体检状况良好,但超重及肥胖、龋齿、视力不良情况不容乐观。故今后北碚区托幼机构健康管理的重点为五官保健,妇幼保健机构应加强对私立托幼机构卫生保健工作的督导力度。

关键词: 托幼机构儿童, 健康状况, 体格发育