Abstract: Objective To know the behaviors and factors affecting sun exposure among elementary and middle school students in Shenyang city in order to give reference to school health education. Methods Totally 1 689 students from four elementary and middle schools in Shenyang were surveyed by self-developed questionnaire to explore their behaviors and factors affecting sun exposure.The score of sun exposure behavior was calculated. Results The score of sun exposure behavior was the lowest among middle school girls (27.21±5.47),and it was the highest among elementary school boys and middle school boys (30.15±5.33 and 30.17±5.75,respectively).The outdoor time of students on the non-school day during the summer was the longest,and it was the shortest on the school day during the non-summer seasons 31.5% students believed that academic stress was the main reason to hinder their outdoor activity and 12.2% believed poor air quality. Conclusions Elementary and middle school students have less sun exposure on the school day during non-summer seasons than during other time of the year.The main reasons which hinder students from outdoor activities are high academic stress and poor environmental quality.   

Key words: students, sun exposure, behavior

摘要： 目的 了解沈阳市中小学生日光暴露行为情况及其影响因素,为学校健康教育的开展提供参考。方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷,对沈阳市4所中小学的1 689名学生进行日光暴露知识、行为和影响因素调查,计算个体日光暴露行为评分。结果 不同性别年级学生中,初中女生的日光暴露行为得分最低(27.21±5.47),小学男生和初中男生的得分最高(分别为30.15±5.33和30.17±5.75)。各组人群在非夏季上学日的户外活动时间最少,而在夏季休息日最多。将妨碍户外活动的原因归为学业压力的学生占31.5%,归因为空气质量差的占12.2%。结论 沈阳中小学生在非夏季上学日的日光暴露少于其它时间,课业负担重和环境问题是影响学生户外活动的主要原因。

关键词: 学生, 日光暴露, 行为