Study on the associations between parenting stress and anxiety symptoms among urban preschoolers

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2019-1129

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To know about the levels of parenting stress and anxiety symptoms in preschoolers, and to explore the associations between them. Methods A total of 1107 children aged 3 to 6 years were recruited from 3 kindergartens in urban areas by convenient cluster sampling in June 2017, and their parents were asked to fill out the questionnaire. The anxiety symptoms were assessed by Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale, and the parenting stress were assessed by short version of Parenting Stress Index 4/PST-4-SF. Results The overall prevalence of anxiety symptoms in preschoolers was 3. 3%(34/1 107). The prevalence of generalized anxiety symptoms, social anxiety symptoms and separation anxiety symptoms in preschoolers were 3. 1%, 3. 7% and 3. 1%. Parenting stresses with positive anxiety symptoms in preschoolers were significantly higher than those with negative anxiety symptoms(P＜0. 01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the parental distress and difficult child were positively correlated with the level of anxiety symptoms in preschoolers (B=-0. 17,-0. 46, P<0. 01). The less cost in children under 3 years old, the higher level of anxiety symptoms in children would be(B=-1. 14,P=0. 01). On the contrary, the higher the cost after three years of age, the more anxiety symptoms in children (B=1. 19, P=0. 02). Conclusion Parenting stress and family's costs on children in different age stages have significantly positive association with children's anxiety symptoms.

Key words: anxiety, parenting stress, preschoolers

摘要： 目的了解城市地区家长的育儿压力水平及学龄前儿童焦虑症状水平,分析育儿压力与学龄前儿童焦虑症状的关联性。方法 2017年6月采取方便整群抽样,从城市地区的3所幼儿园共抽取1 107名3~6岁儿童,对其家长开展问卷调查。采用Spence学前儿童焦虑量表评估3~6岁儿童的焦虑症状水平。采用简式育儿压力评定量表测量亲子关系中的育儿压力。结果城市地区学龄前儿童总的焦虑症状阳性检出率为3.3%(34/1 107),其中广泛性焦虑、社交性焦虑、分离性焦虑的症状阳性检出率为3.1%、3.7%和3.1%。儿童焦虑症状阳性组的家长各维度的育儿压力均显著高于无焦虑症状的儿童家长(P<0.01)。多因素回归显示,家长感到育儿愁苦和困难儿童的压力水平与儿童焦虑症状呈正相关(B=-0.17,P<0.01;B=-0.46,P<0.01);儿童3岁前花费越少,儿童焦虑症状水平越高(B=-1.14,P=0.01),相反儿童3岁后花费越高,儿童焦虑症状水平越高(B=1.19,P=0.02)。结论家长的育儿压力和家庭对儿童直接的经济投入与儿童焦虑症状水平呈显著相关,并受到儿童年龄的交互影响。

关键词: 焦虑, 育儿压力, 学龄前儿童

CLC Number:

R179

XU Yi, YAN Qiong, TONG Lian. Study on the associations between parenting stress and anxiety symptoms among urban preschoolers[J]. journal1, 2020, 28(5): 563-566.

徐禕, 严琼, 童连. 城市地区家长育儿压力与学龄前儿童焦虑症状的相关研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(5): 563-566.

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