Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and inadequate sleep among primary and secondary school students in urban areas in Liuzhou,and to explore the relationship between sleep duration and blood pressure in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 2 354 children aged 7 to 17 years were selected as participants by stratified cluster sampling in Liuzhou city.The blood pressure,height and weight of children were measured.Sleep duration and related information were determined via questionnaires. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 19.83% (21.68% for boys and 18.17% for girls).The median sleep duration was (7.85±1.14) hours and sleep insufficiency rate was 74.21%.A short sleep duration was associated with higher SBP and DBP (β=-0.101,-1.097)and sleep insufficiency was associated with a higher risk of hypertension when compared with the sufficient-sleeping group among boys (OR=1.93,95%CI:1.24-3.01,P=0.004). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension and insufficient sleep rate among primary and middle school students in Liuzhou are at a high level,and the association between sleep duration and hypertension has an opposite gender difference.

Key words: hypertension, sleep, children and adolescents, cross-sectional study

摘要： 目的 了解柳州市城区中小学生高血压及睡眠不足的发生情况,分析睡眠时间与儿童少年血压的关系。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法,于2019年3-4月在柳州市城区抽取2 354名7~17岁中小学生进行睡眠相关问卷调查,并测量血压以及身高、体重等生长发育指标。结果 柳州市城区中小学生高血压检出率为19.83%,男生高于女生(21.68% vs 18.17%),平均睡眠时长为(7.85±1.14)h,睡眠不足发生率为74.21%。回归结果显示,男生夜间睡眠时间与其收缩压以及舒张压之间均呈显著负相关关系(β分别为-0.101,-1.097);睡眠不足组发生高血压的风险是睡眠充足组的1.93倍(95%CI:1.24~3.01,P=0.004),女生中未见上述联系。结论 柳州市中小学生睡眠不足发生率及高血压检出率均处于一个较高水平,且睡眠不足对血压的影响存在性别差异。

关键词: 高血压, 睡眠, 儿童少年, 横断面研究