Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of different gestational ages on infants′ motor and cognitive neurobehavioral abilities, in order to provide clues for the adjustment of child health care service model after the two-child policy. Methods A total of 2 646 infants and young children who underwent physical examinations in a district hospital in Shanghai from January to April 2017 were investigated by a convenience sampling method using the Bayley Ⅲ Screening Scale. Results There were significant differences in gross motor, fine motor and cognitive development between children born to women with advanced age and younger women(t=2.94, 2.80, 2.68, P＜0.05).After adjusted for maternal age, gender, birth weight and gestational age, Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of gross motor development retardation in preterm infants was 1.960 times higher than that in full-term infants(OR=1.960, 95%CI:1.264-3.037).The risk of fine motor in early term infants were 1.192 times higher than that in full-berm infants(OR=1.192, 95%CI:1.006-1.412). Conclusion Compared with full term infants, preterm infants have an increased risk of gross motor retardation, and early term infants have an increased risk of fine motor retardation.

Key words: gestational age, motor ability, cognitive development

摘要： 目的 探索不同出生胎龄对婴幼儿运动、认知等神经行为能力的影响,为二孩政策后儿童保健服务模式的调整提供线索。方法 通过方便抽样的方法,采用贝莉Ⅲ筛查量表对上海某区医院2017年1-4月体检的婴幼儿(2 646例)进行调查。结果 高龄母亲和非高龄母亲组分娩儿童的大运动、精细运动和认知能力差异均有统计学意义(t=2.94、2.80、2.68,P<0.05);通过多因素Logistic分析,调整母亲分娩年龄、性别、出生体重和不同胎龄因素,结果显示早产儿大运动落后风险是足月儿的1.960倍(OR=1.960,95%CI:1.264~3.037),早期儿精细运动落后风险是足月儿的1.192倍(OR=1.192,95%CI:1.006~1.412)。结论 与足月儿相比,早产儿发生大运动落后风险增加,早期儿发生精细运动落后风险增加。

关键词: 胎龄, 运动能力, 认知能力