Abstract: Objective To describe the prevalence of smoking behavior and compare the gender difference in the association between family factors and smoking behavior among high school students in Beijing, in order to provide reference for interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 16 669 high school students from April to May in 2014.Chi-square and Logistic regression were used to analyze the association between family factors and smoking behavior. Results Totally 40.7% of boys and 20.6% of girls tried smoking, 16.1% of boys and 4.6% of girls started smoking before 13 years old, 24.3% of boys and 6.2% of girls had smoked at least one day within 30 days before the survey, 7.2% of boys and 1.0% of girls had smoked more than 5 cigarettes each day within 30 days before the survey, and the gender difference was significant(χ²=799.71, 601.33, 1 078.60, 423.79, P＜0.05).The associations between father's job and trying cigarettes smoking, father's job and smoking before 13 years old, maternal education and smoking before 13 years old were stronger in boys.While the associations between maternal education and smoking more than 5 cigarettes each day within 30 days before the survey, family structure and trying cigarettes smoking, family structure and smoking cigarettes at least one day within 30 days before the survey, family structure and smoking more than 5 cigarettes each day within 30 days were stronger in girls. Conclusions There are gender differences in smoking behaviors among high school students in Beijing.Father's job has stronger association with boys' smoking behavior in than that girls', while family structure had stronger association with girl's smoking than boys'.It is supposed to provide early health education of tobacco control to boys and girls.

Key words: smoking, family factors, gender differences, high school students

摘要： 目的 了解北京市高中生吸烟行为及家庭因素与吸烟关联的性别差异,为相关干预提供理论依据。 方法 于2014年4-5月,采取分层整群随机抽样的方法,对北京市16 669名高中生进行问卷调查。分性别采用χ²检验和多因素Logistic回归法分析家庭因素与吸烟行为的关联。 结果 北京市高中男女生尝试吸烟率分别为40.7%和20.6%,13岁前吸烟率分别为16.1%和4.6%,现在吸烟率分别为24.3%和6.2%,重度吸烟率分别7.2%和1.0%,吸烟行为在性别间差异有统计学意义(χ²=799.71、601.33、1 078.60、423.79, P<0.05)。父亲职业与尝试吸烟、13岁前吸烟的关联以及母亲文化程度与13岁前吸烟的关联在男生中更强;而母亲文化程度与重度吸烟的关联以及家庭类型与尝试吸烟、现在吸烟和重度吸烟的关联在女生中更强。 结论 北京市高中生吸烟行为性别差异较大,其中父亲职业与男生吸烟行为的关联程度较强,而家庭类型与女生吸烟行为的关联程度较强。应及早开展预防吸烟的健康教育。

关键词: 吸烟, 家庭因素, 性别差异, 高中生