Abstract: Objectives To analyze the relationship between screen behavior and physical activity enjoyment in school-age children, and to explore the mediating effect of body mass index (BMI), so as to provide evidence for formulating strategies to promote physical activity enjoyment in school-age children. Methods A total of 973 students from Grade 1 to 6 were selected from a primary school in Liupanshui city of Guizhou province in June 2021. Screen time on study days and weekends was collected by a self-designed questionnaire, were used to assess the screen behaviors, and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale was adopted to investigate physical activity enjoyment. The mediating effect was analyzed by Bootstrap method. Results The average scores of physical activity enjoyment of the 927 students was 18.42±4.01, and their average BMI was (16.90±0.13)kg/m². The proportion of screen time ≤2h/d on study days and weekends was 88.46% and 59.87%, respectively, and the difference was significant(χ²=197.680, P<0.001). Score of screen behaviors on study days and weekends were found to be negatively correlated with physical activity enjoyment(r=-0.286, -0.393, P<0.05), and positively correlated with BMI(r=0.359, 0.462, P<0.01), while there was a negative correlation between BMI and physical activity enjoyment (r=-0.362, P<0.01). The mediating test showed that in addition to directly affecting physical activity enjoyment, screen behavior also had an indirect influence on it through the mediation of BMI with 33.84% of the total effect. Conclusions BMI partially mediates the negative effect of screen behavior on physical activity enjoyment in school-age children. It is recommended that interventions to increase physical activity enjoyment in school-age children need to focus on reducing their screen time and also on enhancing management of their BMI.

Key words: school-age children, physical activity enjoyment, overweight and obesity, screen behavior, body mass index

摘要： 目的 分析视屏行为与学龄儿童运动乐趣的关系,探讨体质量指数(BMI)在视屏行为与运动乐趣间的中介作用,为科学制定学龄儿童运动乐趣干预策略提供依据。方法 2021年6月选取贵州省六盘水市某小学一至六年级全体973名学生为研究对象。采用问卷收集学习日和周末的视屏时间,以评价其视屏行为;采用运动乐趣量表收集运动乐趣信息。采用Bootstrap法分析BMI的中介作用。结果 调查对象运动乐趣平均得分为18.42±4.01;BMI平均为(16.90±0.13)kg/m²;学习日和周末分别有88.46%和59.87%的学生视屏行为≤2h/d,差异有统计学意义(χ²=197.680, P<0.001)。学习日和周末视屏时间与运动乐趣均呈负相关(r=-0.286、-0.393, P<0.05),与BMI水平均呈正相关(r=0.359、0.462, P<0.01);BMI水平与运动乐趣呈负相关(r=-0.362, P<0.01)。视屏行为可直接影响运动乐趣,还可通过BMI间接影响运动乐趣,其中介效应占总效应33.84%。结论 视屏行为对学龄儿童运动乐趣具有消极影响,BMI在此过程中起部分中介作用。建议在提高学龄儿童运动乐趣的干预中,需重视降低其视屏行为,同时还需加强对其BMI的健康管理。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 运动乐趣, 超重肥胖, 视屏行为, 体质量指数