长链非编码RNA与结直肠癌耐药的研究进展

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2018.04.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

结直肠癌（colorectal cancer，CRC）是一种常见的消化道肿瘤，有较高的发病率与致死率。化疗是结直肠癌重要的治疗方式，但是化疗耐药使得许多患者治疗失败，其具体调控机制尚未完全清楚。长链非编码RNAs（long non-coding RNA，lncRNAs）是指一类不具有蛋白质编码功能且转录本长度大于200核苷酸的长链RNA分子，能通过调节染色质修饰，转录和转录后加工来参与癌症发生和发展。最近越来越多的证据表明lncRNAs在化疗耐药的发展和维持中起到重要作用，lncRNAs可以通过影响药物转运体，细胞凋亡，上皮-间质转化（EMT）和调节信号通路等过程来调控结直肠癌的多药耐药（multidrug resistance，MDR)。本文综述lncRNAs在结直肠癌耐药中的作用机制，为其在临床中解决结直肠癌耐药问题提供理论依据。

关键词: 结直肠癌, 长链非编码RNA, 化疗, 耐药机制

Abstract:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common gastrointestinal tumor with high incidence and mortality rates. Chemotherapy is the basic treatment for colorectal cancer, but chemoresistance is one of the most important causes of therapy failure in CRC, and the mechanism is not yet fully understood. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) represents a class of RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with no protein coding potential which could involve in cancer occurrence and development by the regulation of chromatin remodeling, transcription, and posttranscriptional processing. Recently, emerging evidences indicate that lncRNAs play an important role in the development and maintenance of chemoresistance. Different lncRNAs have been shown to confer chemoresistance in cancer cells by changing multiple drug resistance (MDR) transporters, modulating the cellular apoptosis rate, affecting the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and modulating signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of lncRNAs in drug resistance of colorectal cancer and provide a theoretical evidence for solving the problem of drug resistance in colorectal cancer.

Key words: colorectal cancer, lncRNA, chemotherapy, resistance mechanisms

中图分类号:

R735.3+5

胡洋，李智星，王果，朱院山. 长链非编码RNA与结直肠癌耐药的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2018, 23(4): 456-463.

HU Yang, LI Zhixing, WANG Guo, ZHU Yuanshan. Research progress of lncRNA and chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2018, 23(4): 456-463.

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