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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1625-1631.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.12.005

• 日间过度思睡(EDS)诊疗进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

促觉醒药物用于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停残余日间过度思睡的进展

欧琼,周若菡,蔡洧丹   

  1. 广东省老年医学研究所,南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院),广州  510080,广东
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 修回日期:2025-12-12 出版日期:2025-12-26 发布日期:1900-01-01
  • 通讯作者: 欧琼,女,教授,主任医师,研究方向:睡眠障碍及其相关疾病的诊治。 E-mail: ouqiong2776@hotmail.com 欧琼,广东省人民医院,广东省医学科学院,主任医师、博士及博士后导师。广东省医学会睡眠医学分会主任委员,广东省预防医学会睡眠障碍与相关疾病防治专委会主任委员,中国睡眠研究会常务理事、睡眠呼吸障碍专业委员会副主任委员,中国老年医学会睡眠医学分会副会长,中国医师协会睡眠专业医师分会常委,中国医学装备协会呼吸病学装备专业委员会常委,中国医药质量管理协会临床研究质量与评价专业委员会副主任委员。主要研究方向:睡眠呼吸障碍及相关慢病的防治;睡眠健康队列研究;数字医疗技术与睡眠慢病管理。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100803); 国家自然科学基金项目(82470083)

Advances in wake-promoting agents for residual excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea

OU Qiong, ZHOU Ruohan, CAI Weidan   

  1. Institute of Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2025-10-09 Revised:2025-12-12 Online:2025-12-26 Published:1900-01-01

摘要:

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)是一种常见的睡眠呼吸疾病,日间过度思睡(excessive daytime sleepiness,EDS)是其典型临床表现之一,严重影响患者的生活质量,并增加交通事故等公共安全风险。即使患者接受充分的持续气道正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)等OSA常规治疗后,仍存在较高比例的残余EDS。本文回顾促觉醒药物在OSA所致EDS的近十年研究进展,系统阐述莫达非尼、阿莫达非尼、索安非托及替洛利生治疗思睡的临床进展。研究显示,促觉醒药物通过不同药理机制可改善患者主观思睡评分(Epworth sleepiness scale,ESS)和客观清醒维持能力(maintenance of wakefulness test,MWT),在几种促觉醒药物中,与传统促觉醒药物比,索安非托和替洛利生的疗效和安全性更优。亚组分析显示,无论患者OSA常规治疗依从性的好坏,均可从促觉醒药物治疗中获益,为临床个体化治疗提供了循证依据。需要注意的是促觉醒药物仅为OSA所致EDS的对症治疗方案,不能替代CPAP等 OSA常规治疗,临床应用中仍需以常规治疗为主并排除其他思睡因素后采用促觉醒药物治疗。

关键词: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停, 日间过度思睡, 索安非托, 替洛利生, 促觉醒药物  

Abstract:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is one of its hallmark clinical manifestations, impairing quality of life and increasing public-safety risks such as road traffic accidents. A considerable proportion of patients continue to experience residual EDS despite adequate treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). This review summarizes research over the past decade on wake-promoting agents for OSA-related EDS, synthesizing clinical evidence for modafinil, armodafinil, solriamfetol, and pitolisant. Across randomized controlled trials and observational studies, wake-promoting agents improve subjective sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ESS) and objective wakefulness (Maintenance of Wakefulness Test, MWT); recently approved agents agents such as solriamfetol and pitolisant demonstrate overall favorable efficacy and safety profiles compared with traditional options. Subgroup analyses indicate that benefits can be observed irrespective of adherence to primary OSA therapy. Importantly, wake-promoting agents are adjunctive, symptomatic treatments for EDS and do not replace CPAP or other etiologic therapies; evaluation should exclude alternative causes of sleepiness prior to initiation, and patients should continue standard OSA management throughout treatment. 

Key words: obstructive sleep apnea, excessive daytime sleepiness, solriamfetol, pitolisant, wake-promoting agents

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