代谢组学在代谢性疾病研究中的进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 现代社会人们的饮食、营养结构和生活方式发生了巨大改变,高血压、高血脂/动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病及肿瘤等代谢性疾病发病率日趋升高,严重地危害了人类健康。虽然研究发现代谢性疾病均与生化代谢紊乱密切相关,但这些疾病发病过程和机理一直不甚明了。代谢组学通过定量检测体内小分子化合物水平研究机体基础代谢的变化,可为探索代谢性疾病的发病过程和发病病理提供直接数据。近年来利用代谢组学技术对多种代谢性疾病的研究取得了一定的进展。研究发现这些疾病发生过程中机体生化代谢发生了明显变化,主要涉及能量代谢、氨基酸代谢、脂代谢等。另外高血压、高血脂和糖尿病之间还呈现相互关联、互为因果的关系,在其相互引发过程中,脂肪酸的代谢可能是一个重要的桥梁,氧化应激、胰岛素抵抗和交感神经的兴奋等相互影响的因素也起着重要作用,导致单一的代谢性疾病发展成各种疾病并存状态。本文从代谢组学研究生化代谢变化的角度综述了近年来代谢性疾病研究的进展,旨在阐述众多代谢性疾病与代谢紊乱的相互关联,为预防和治疗代谢性疾病提供新的思路和对策。

关键词: 代谢组学, 高血压, 脂质紊乱, 糖尿病, 肿瘤, 基础代谢

Abstract: Changes of modern living style and food structure greatly challenge biochemical metabolism of our body. Consequently, there appears an increasing rate of the metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, tumor and so on, which do seriously harm to public health. Although substantial evidences have proved that metabolic diseases are tight associated with metabolic disorders, the underlying pathogenic mechanism is poorly known. By quantitative measuring of the in vivo molecules, metabonomics enables a dynamic profile of metabolic response of living systems to pathologic, genetic and environmental stimuli, and provides metabolic data for further exploring these diseases. Recently metabonomic studies have gained fruitful achievements, which show that in vivo biochemical metabolism is perturbed during the development of these diseases, including energy metabolism, lipids metabolism and amino acids turn over. Additionally, metabololism of fatty acids are possible to build the interchangeable association among hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia,both oxidative stress and insulin resistance are deeply involved in their linkage. This article reviews recent studies of metabonomics on the metabolic diseases, aiming at clarifying the association between metabolic diseases and metabolic disorders, and providing potential strategy for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases.

Key words: Metabonomics, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, Tumor/cancer, Metabolism

中图分类号:

R969.1

赵春艳, 阿基业, 曹蓓, 刘林生, 王新文, 李梦婕, 石建, 王广基. 代谢组学在代谢性疾病研究中的进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2011, 16(4): 439-446.

ZHAO Chun-yan, A Ji-ye, CAO Bei, LIU Lin-sheng, WANG Xin-wen, LI Meng-jie, SHI Jian, WANG Guang-ji. Progress of metabonomic study on various metabolic diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011, 16(4): 439-446.

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