AIM: To observe the real world efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with insulin pump in short-term intensive treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and explore the influencing factors associated with efficacy. METHODS: A total of 369 hospitalized T2DM patients were treated with CSII short-term intensive therapy. Based on the blood glucose levels on the 5th day of treatment, they were divided into two groups, namely the qualified blood glucose control group and the non-qualified blood glucose control group. The differences of glucose metabolism, physiology, biochemistry and other indicators between the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors of insulin pump efficacy were analyzed by regression statistics. RESULTS: After 4 days of CSII short-term treatment, 225 patients (61%) achieved blood glucose control standards, while 144 patients (39%) did not achieve blood glucose control standards. Compared with the qualified blood glucose control group, the non-qualified blood glucose control group was older and with higher levels of total daily insulin dose per kilogram of body weight (TDD), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, fasting C-peptide, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), while lower levels of blood phosphorus, insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1). In terms of biochemical indicators, there was no significant difference between the two groups as a whole, including blood lipid levels, liver function, and kidney function. The results of univariate regression and multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that 2-hour postprandial insulin, TDD and blood phosphorus were the key factors influencing the efficacy of Insulin pump. Among them, qualified blood glucose control was positively correlated with blood phosphorus, and negatively correlated with 2-hour postprandial insulin and TDD. CONCLUSION: CSII with insulin pump is an ideal method for short-term intensive treatment of type 2 diabetes. In order to achieve a more satisfactory rate of qualified blood glucose control, more attention should be paid to the patient's blood phosphorus, 2-hour postprandial insulin and TDD in clinical use.