Malignant melanoma represents a highly aggressive form of skin cancer. At present, surgical resection remains the primary treatment modality for the majority of patients diagnosed with this condition. However, the five-year disease-free survival rate for high-risk melanoma patients undergoing surgery alone ranges from 40% to 60%. The implementation of preoperative and postoperative (neo) adjuvant therapies has been demonstrated to diminish recurrence rates and improve survival outcomes for high-risk surgical patients. Consequently, various (neo) adjuvant treatments for melanoma-including radiotherapy, biochemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy-have been the subject of extensive research in recent years. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements in (neo) adjuvant therapies for resectable high-risk melanoma patients, with the objective of providing an effective (neo) adjuvant therapy strategy that may improve patient survival and overall prognosis.