Abstract: Vascular remodeling is not only the pathologic cause of circulation dysfunction and vascular disease such as hypertension and diabetes, but also can accelerate the process of dysfunction and failure of target organs.To reverse vascular remodeling has been one of the clinical aims.Kidney is one of the critical common target organs of many kinds of diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. The main part of the intrarenal resistance comes from the intrarenal small arteries, and the remodeling of intrarenal small arteries can reduce the blood supply of kidney and lead to excessive activation of neuroendocrine system as well their vicious cycle, resulting a terrible prognosis together with kidney and other target organs failure.This paper reviews the advance of vascular remodeling especially in the intrarenal small arteries.

Key words: vascular remodeling, hypertension, diabetes, intrarenal small artery