Abstract: AIM: Hepatotoxicity of Brucea javani ca picryl with broad-spectrum anticancer effect in nude mice based on hepatic drug metabolizing en zyme CYP450 activity. METHODS: Fifty-six nude mice were randomly divided into blank group, Bru cea javanica low-dose group (2 mg/kg), Brucea ja vanica high-dose group (4 mg / kg), and cisplatin weight after taking materials, and calculate the liv er coefficient (liver weight/weight mass×100%), ob serve and record the liver color and morphology. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to ob serve the pathological changes of liver tissue. De tection of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspar tate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and albumin (ALB) levels in serum of nude mice by ELISA. Real time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of CYP2E1, CYP3A11, CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9, which were key enzymes of drug metabolism in nude mice liver. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the mortality rate of nude mice in the low dose Brucea javanica bitter alcohol group was 0, the growth state was good, the diet, movement, and mental state were normal, the weight change and liver coefficient ratio were consistent, the liver color was ruddy, the liver lobule morphology was complete under the microscope, the structure was clear, the liver cells were arranged regularly, and there was no inflammatory cell infiltration. There was no significant difference in the content of ALT, AST, LDH, AKP, and ALB. There was no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression of CYP2E1, CYP3A11, CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9 (all P>0.05). Compared with the blank group, the mortality rate of nude mice in the high dose group of Brucea javanica bitter alcohol was 14.3%, the growth state was slightly poor, the diet, movement, and mental state were reduced, the weight growth was slow, the liver coefficient ratio was increased, the liver color was reddish brown, some liver lobule boundaries were unclear, a small group (2 mg/kg), with 14 mice in each group. The blank group was injected with the same amount of normal saline every 3 days for 6 weeks.Calculate the mortality rate of nude mice in each group, ob serve the general growth state of nude mice, re cord the weight change of nude mice before and af ter administration, weigh and record the liver number of liver cells were loosely arranged, the contents of ALT, AST, LDH, AKP, and ALB were signif icantly increased, the mRNA levels of CYP2E1, CYP3A11, CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9 were significantly reduced, and the protein expres sions of CYP2E1, CYP3A11, CYP1A2, and CYP2D6 were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference in the mRNA and protein expression of CYP2C19, and the pro tein expression of CYP2C9 (P>0.05).Compared with the blank group, the mortality rate of nude mice in the cisplatin group was 35.7%, the growth state was poor, the diet, action, and mental state were low, the weight gain was less, the liver coefficient ratio was significantly increased, the liver color was dark red, the liver sinusoids and central veins were congested, the hepatocytes were disordered, the nuclei were consolidated and contracted, and the arrangement was loose, the contents of ALT, AST, LDH, AKP, and ALB were significantly increased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP2E1, CYP3A11, CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9 were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The dose of Brucea javanica bitter alcohol is correlated with hepatotoxicity to nude mice. High doses of Brucea javanica bitter alcohol have hepatotoxicity to nude mice, which may be re lated to reducing serum levels of ALT, AST, LDH, AKP, and ALB, inhibiting the expression of multiple subtypes of enzymes in the key enzyme CYP450 of liver drug metabolism, and then reducing the me tabolism of toxic substances.

Key words: Brucea javanica bitter alcohol, hepa totoxicity, drug metabolizing enzymes, nude mice, cisplatin