关键词: 早产儿, 经口喂养, 喂养表现, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the influencing factors of oral feeding performance in premature infants. Methods Totally 103 premature infants with oral feeding problems hospitalized in the department of newborn infants were into the experiment group.The postmenstrual age (PMA) and the total intake volume were recorded.Then,Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) and Neonatal Oral Motor Assessment Scale (NOMAS) were applied to assess oral feeding performance in premature infants.Moreover,feeding efficiency,feeding proficiency,oral intake of milk than feeding,the progress and performance of oral feeding,the daily increase in weight,the time of body weight regain,the time of assisted ventilation and length of hospital stay were calculated. Results The means of efficiency,proficiency,and consumed at initiation of oral feeding were (4.599±2.555)ml/min,(63.209±30.086)%,(67.808±29.692)%,respectively.A Logistic regression analysis applied to determine factors affecting feeding performance indicated that birth gestational age(OR=5.251,P=0.017),oral motor skills in normal and disorganized categories(OR=3.516,P=0.002)(OR=0.308,P=0.025),and feeding readiness behaviors(OR=0.091,P=0.049)had statistically significant impacts on feeding performance. Conclusions The premature infants with small gestational age at birth,bad oral motor skills,and no feeding readiness behaviors demonstrated poor oral feeding performance.Nurses should take timely risk assessment and interventions to effectively improve their oral feeding performance.

Key words: premature infant, oral feeding, feeding performance, influencing factor