关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 患病率, 珠海市, 儿童

Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and the related risk factors of children from 1.5 to 3 years old with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Zhuhai city. Methods A total of 5 500 children from 1.5 to 3 years old and living in Zhuhai were selected randomly.The questionnaire and the Chinese Revised Version of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers were used to screen the ASD.Then, the positive children were diagnosed by physicians combining with the clinical observation and the results of Childhood Autism Rating Scale.Finally, statistical analyses of the prevalence and the related risk factors of ASD were done. Results This survey showed that the prevalence of ASD was 29.45/10⁴ (95%CI15.41/10⁴~44.86/10⁴), they were typical autistic children, and the ratio of male to female was 6∶1.The differences between ASD group and non ASD group in gender, family income, parental education level, mother during pregnancy whether taking special medicines (contraceptive drugs, antipsychotic drugs, anti epilepsy drugs etc), whether supplementary folic acid while pregnant and the father's age distribution were significantly.What's more, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The regression analysis showed that lower family income, taking special drugs while pregnant, not supplementary folic acid while pregnant and paternal age at birth higher (>35 years old) or lower (<25 years old) were the risk factors of ASD. Conclusions The prevalence rate of ASD from 1.5 to 3 years in Zhuhai city is lower than the reported levels of both at home and abroad .The mothers avoiding using special drugs and taking folic acid actively while pregnancy, avoiding father's age too high or too low may help reduce the prevalence rate of ASD.

Key words: autism spectrum disorders, prevalence, Zhuhai city, children