高功能孤独症谱系障碍儿童智力结构及其特征的测试分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2016-24-09-04

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (9): 906-909.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2016-24-09-04

高功能孤独症谱系障碍儿童智力结构及其特征的测试分析

林力孜, 戴美霞, 肖启蓬, 梁晶晶, 刘步云, 静进

中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广东广州 510080

收稿日期:2016-04-21 发布日期:2016-09-10 出版日期:2016-09-10
通讯作者: 静进,E-mailjingjin@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:林力孜(1990-),男,广东人,在读硕士研究生,主要研究方向为儿童心理诊疗。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(81573169)

Analysis of intelligence structure and characteristics in children with autism spectrum disorder.

LIN Li-zi, DAI Mei-xia, XIAO Qi-peng, LIANG Jing-jing, LIU Bu-yun, JING Jin

Department of Maternal and Child Health,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China

Received:2016-04-21 Online:2016-09-10 Published:2016-09-10
Contact: JING Jin,E-mail:jingjin@mail.sysu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨高功能孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童智力结构特征。方法采用韦氏儿童智力量表第4版中文版(WISC-IV)对50例(97.62±2.28)月龄的ASD儿童及与之年龄和性别相匹配的50例(96.86±2.21)月龄正常儿童作为对照组进行测试,比较分析两组在WISC-Ⅳ的各个指数和合成分数,并就量表的智力模型与ASD的智力结构进行拟合检验。结果 ASD组除工作记忆与对照组差异无统计学意义外(P=0.077),在总智商和其它智力维度上均低于对照组(均P<0.05),尤以加工速度为显著[(88.54±13.23)vs(103.80±13.94)]。与对照组相比,ASD组显现工作记忆强于加工速度的优势模式的比例为44%(χ²=6.618,P=0.010)。验证性因子分析提示ASD智力结构在WISC-Ⅳ智力模型中卡方准则未能达标(P=0.030),构建新模型后不符实际未能修正。结论本组ASD儿童的智力水平虽在正常范围,但普遍低于对照组儿童,结构分析表明ASD具有工作记忆优势和加工速度劣势共存特点,其群体智力结构有待进一步建模分析。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 智力结构, 工作记忆, 加工速度

Abstract: Objective To explore the intelligence structure in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods With the Chinese version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ),The intelligence in a sample including 50 ASD children and 50 control children were tested.The different dimensions of intelligence in WISC-Ⅳ were compared between ASD and control groups and the fitness of the WSIC-Ⅳ structure was also examined in ASD children. Results The working memory index showed no differences between ASD and control groups (P=0.077),and the processing speed index was the worst in ASD children[P<0.001,(88.54±13.23) vs (103.80±13.94)].The full scale intelligence quotient and other dimensions of WISC-Ⅳ in ASD children were lower significantly compared with typical children (P<0.05).Significant strengths of ASD children were observed on working memory with a percentage of 44% compared with processing speed (χ²=6.618,P=0.010).Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the intelligence structure of WISC-Ⅳ provided moderate fit in ASD children.The statistical model of intelligence structure was rebuild in the ASD sample because the χ² statistic didn't achieve ideal condition (P=0.030),but the new model was impractical. Conclusions The intelligence of ASD children is in normal range but lower than control children.ASD children show strengths on working memory and weakness on processing speed.Further studies investigating a best intelligence structure in ASD children are needed.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, intelligence structure, working memory, processing speed

中图分类号:

R179

林力孜, 戴美霞, 肖启蓬, 梁晶晶, 刘步云, 静进. 高功能孤独症谱系障碍儿童智力结构及其特征的测试分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2016, 24(9): 906-909.

LIN Li-zi, DAI Mei-xia, XIAO Qi-peng, LIANG Jing-jing, LIU Bu-yun, JING Jin. Analysis of intelligence structure and characteristics in children with autism spectrum disorder.[J]. journal1, 2016, 24(9): 906-909.

参考文献

[1] Autism and Developmental Disabilities Investigators.Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years - autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network,11 sites,United States,2010[J].MMWR Surveill Summ,2014,63(1):1-21.
[2] 王惠,静进.韦氏儿童智力测验在孤独症谱系障碍儿童中的应用现状[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2011,19(5):448-450.
[3] Rommelse N,Langerak I,van der Meer J,et al.Intelligence may moderate the cognitive profile of patients with ASD[J].PLoS One,2015,10(10):e138698.
[4] Dawson M,Soulieres I,Gernsbacher MA,et al.The level and nature of autistic intelligence[J].Psychol Sci,2007,18(8):657-662.
[5] Nader A,Jelenic P,Soulières I.Discrepancy between WISC-Ⅲ and WISC-Ⅳ cognitive profile in autism spectrum:What does it reveal about autistic cognition?[J].PLoS One,2015,10(12):e144645.
[6] 岑超群,曾小璐,梁亚勇,等.Asperger综合征114例患儿智力特征分析[J].中国实用儿科杂志,2012,27(10):760-762.
[7] 张厚粲.韦氏儿童智力量表第四版(WISC-Ⅳ)中文版的修订[J].心理科学,2009,27(5):1177-1179.
[8] 张厚粲.韦氏儿童智力量表第四版中文版指导手册[M].珠海:京美心理测量技术开发有限公司,2008.
[9] Goldstein G,Allen DN,Minshew NJ,et al.The structure of intelligence in children and adults with high functioning autism.[J].Neuropsychology,2008,22(3):301-312.
[10] 温忠麟,侯杰泰,马什赫伯特.结构方程模型检验:拟合指数与卡方准则[J].心理学报,2004,36(2):186-194.
[11] 李毓秋.韦氏儿童智力量表第四版的结构变化及其对儿童认知能力的评估[J].教育测量与评价:理论版,2009,11(4):4-7.
[12] 王惠,静进,金宇,等.Asperger综合征儿童的智力结构与临床症状[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(6):440-444.
[13] 贾美香,王力芳.孤独症儿童的智力水平与社会适应能力[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,23(11):845-846.
[14] Zander E,Blte S.The new DSM-5 impairment criterion:A challenge to early autism spectrum disorder diagnosis?[J].Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,2015,45(11):3634-3643.
[15] Faja S,Dawson G.Performance on the dimensional change card sort and backward digit span by young children with autism without intellectual disability[J].Child Neuropsychol,2014,20(6):692-699.
[16] Jiang YV,Capistrano CG,Palm BE.Spatial working memory in children with high-functioning autism:intact configural processing but impaired capacity[J].J Abnorm Psychol,2014,123(1):248-257.
[17] 王亚南,刘昌.加工速度、工作记忆与数字推理能力的发展[J].心理科学,2006,29(5):1081-1085.
[18] 王腾飞,李春花,徐芬,等.联想学习与工作记忆在流体智力发展中的作用[J].心理发展与教育,2011,127(4):337-343.
[19] Oliveras-Rentas RE,Kenworthy L,Roberson RB,et al.WISC-Ⅳ profile in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders:impaired processing speed is associated with increased autism communication symptoms and decreased adaptive communication abilities[J].Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,2012,42(5):655-664.
[20] Robic S,Sonié S,Fonlupt P,et al.Decision-making in a changing world:A study in autism spectrum disorders[J].Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,2015,45(6):1603-1613.

高功能孤独症谱系障碍儿童智力结构及其特征的测试分析

Analysis of intelligence structure and characteristics in children with autism spectrum disorder.

PDF

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	张超. 早期介入丹佛模式在不同病情程度孤独症谱系障碍儿童康复中的应用研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(7): 736-740.
[2]	刘安南, 姜志梅. 孤独症谱系障碍各年龄段筛查工具研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(6): 645-649.
[3]	黎梦晗, 李廷玉. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童感觉异常的研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(6): 650-655.
[4]	刘梦姣, 郑小琴, 孟仙, 吴晓玲, 葛冬梅, 聂晶. 2~5岁孤独症谱系障碍、疑似孤独症谱系障碍及全面发育迟缓儿童的智能特征分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(6): 668-673.
[5]	李德欣, 陈强, 庄志成, 陈红, 杨秉娇, 姜顺香, 周翔. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童肠道菌群与症状严重程度相关性研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(5): 497-501.
[6]	王少雯, 张贻霞, 陈静静, 魏秀丽, 叶蓓, 方拴锋. Gesell发展诊断量表在语言相关的发育性疾病中的应用[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(4): 442-445.
[7]	柯晓燕. 孤独症谱系障碍早期识别与早期诊断的现状与挑战[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 238-240.
[8]	宋超, 胡莉菲, 吴玲玲, 江忠权. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童合并智力功能缺陷的GBM预测模型构建与评价[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 241-245.
[9]	李正, 肖贵元, 罗雅婷, 何春燕, 王念蓉, 赵妍. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童血清叶酸、维生素B12水平与肠道菌群的关联[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 246-251.
[10]	董海鹏, 杨思渊, 李伟栋, 余婧. 团体社交训练对孤独症谱系障碍儿童康复效果的影响因素及Nomogram预测模型构建[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 252-258.
[11]	赵丽华, 李晶. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童非典型人际同步表现及其神经机制[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 274-278.
[12]	赵英欣, 何凡, 郑毅. 肠道微生物干预在孤独症谱系障碍中的应用展望[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 279-283.
[13]	王静, 黄珊, 高雪婷. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童室内替代座椅干预研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 284-288.
[14]	林欢喜, 刘潘婷, 童梅玲, 池霞, 钱君, 洪琴. 父母介导的干预在孤独症谱系障碍治疗中应用效果的Meta分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 304-310.
[15]	易爱文, 辛晶, 白艳, 许嘉欣, 梁福鑑, 冯小键. 脑电频谱特征分析在孤独症谱系障碍儿童早期诊断及康复干预评价中的应用[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 311-315.