关键词: 婴幼儿, 超重, 肥胖, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among infants,so as to provide basis for the early prevention of childhood obesity. Methods Infants born from September to December 2018 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled in this study,and the maternal factors and infant growth characteristics were collected. Overweight and obesity were defined by the WHO sex-age based body mass index(BMI). Chi-square test,t-test and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 3 018 infants were investigated,including 1 566(51.89%) boys and 1 452(48.11%) girls. The rates of overweight and obesity among 6-month-old infants were 10.80% (326/3 018) and 3.48%(105/3 018),respectively,while 10.11% (305/3 018) and 2.85%(86/3 018) in 12-month-old infants. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI≥25 kg/m²(OR=1.297),gestational diabetes mellitus(OR=1.215),cesarean section(OR=1.617),macrosomia(OR=1.154),non-exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months old(OR=1.586) and excessive weight gain within 6 months old (OR=1.845) were risk factors of overweight or obesity in 12-month-old infants(P＜0.05). Conclusion Maintenance of appropriate body weight before pregnancy,reducing the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus,cesarean section and macrosomia,increasing the rate of breastfeeding,and avoiding rapid weight gain from birth to 6 months old are of great significance to prevent the occurrence of overweight and obesity among 12-month-old infants.

Key words: infants, overweight, obesity, risk factors