关键词: 存活率, 超未成熟儿, 无创通气

Abstract: Objective To analyze the risk factors of prognosis of extremely premature infants(EPI, ＜28 weeks) hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, in order to provide reference for the treatment.Methods Clinical data of 124 cases of EPI enrolled in the NICU of Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Differences between the survival (n=75) group and death group (n=49) were analyzed. Then binary Logistic regression model was established to analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis.Results Among 124 cases, 67 cases (54.0%) were male infants. The birth weight ranged from 680 g to 1 520 g, the gestational age ranged from 24⁺³ weeks to 27⁺⁶ weeks, and the overall survival rate was 60.5%.There were significant differences between the survival group and the death group in 13 indicators, including birth weight, gestational age, twins, antenatal corticosteroids, using pulmonary surfactant, invasive ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, duration of non-invasive ventilation, total oxygen therapy time, complicated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, early-onset sepsis, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed intraventricular hemorrhage was risk factors for poor prognosis(OR=5.518, 95%CI:1.186 - 25.685,P=0.029),and non-invasive ventilation was protection factor(OR=0.006, 95%CI:0.001 - 0.051, P＜0.001).Conclusions The survival rate of EPI is improving, but there is still a gap from the developed countries. Intraventricular hemorrhage is an important risk factor for the prognosis of EPI. So it is suggested to treat complications effectively in early stage, thereby improving the survival rate of EPI.

Key words: survival rate, extremely premature infants, non-invasive ventilation