Abstract: Objective To find out the situation of bone nutrition and the change with age of the preschool children in Haidian, Beijing. Method Speed of sound (SOS) of calcaneus of 9 068 preschool children aged 2～6 years old were measured with quantitative ultrasound system. Results Calcaneus SOS decreased gradually as age increasing, and there was no significant difference between boys and girls.The deficiency rate of bone mineral content of boys was 49.83% and that of girls was 38.47%, and mild deficiency rate was 87.40%.There were statistic differences of the distribution of the deficiency degree in different age between boys and girls. Conclusions SOS of calcaneus of preschool children aged 2～6 years old in Haidian, Beijing decrease gradually as age increasing, and the deficiency of bone mineral content especially mild deficiency is prevalent.

Key words: preschool children, calcaneus, quantitative ultrasound, bone mineral content

摘要： 目的 了解北京市海淀区学龄前儿童骨营养状况及随年龄变化趋势。方法 对9 068名2~6岁儿童应用超声骨密度测定仪测定跟骨超声速度(speed of sound, SOS)。结果 随年龄增长, SOS值逐渐下降, 不同性别变化趋势大致相同, 差异无统计学意义;男童总体骨量缺乏率49.83%, 女童为38.47%, 轻度缺乏率占87.40%;不同年龄段不同性别骨量缺乏程度差异有统计学意义。结论 北京市海淀区2～6岁学龄前儿童随年龄增长SOS值逐渐降低, 骨量缺乏情况普遍, 以轻度缺乏为主。

关键词: 学龄前儿童, 跟骨, 定量超声, 骨含量