Abstract: Objective To investigate the sleep pattern of 3 to 6-year-old children in urban area of Guizhou province,and to analyze associated factors. Methods A total of 521 children were investigated with sleep log questionnaire from October to November,2016.Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics,t-test and ANOVA,as well as multivariate linear hierarchical regression. Results On the whole,elder children slept later in the night,woke up later in the morning,and showed a shorter 24 h sleep duration.Compared with weekdays,children tended to sleep later,woke up later and showed a longer 24 h sleep duration on weekends.Regression model showed that age,one-child,sleep patterns,sleep regularity,parental style and the attitude consistence(β=-0.17,-0.09,-0.11,0.13,0.13,-0.10,all P<0.01) exerted statistical effect on the 24 h sleep duration. Conclusion Children's sleep pattern is associated with demographic variables,sleep habit and family factors.Of which,factors including parenting and sleep habit should be highly noticed.

Key words: sleep pattern, sleep duration, associated factors, children aged 3~6

摘要： 目的 调查贵州省城市3～6岁儿童睡眠模式及相关因素,为改善儿童睡眠质量提供参考。方法 于2016年10-11月对贵阳及遵义两市521名3～6岁儿童进行问卷调查,采用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析及多元线性分层回归对数据进行分析。结果 整体而言,年龄大的儿童晚上睡得更晚、早上醒来更晚、24 h睡眠时长更短;周末与学习日相比,晚上睡得更晚、早上醒来更晚、24 h睡眠更长。多元线性回归分析表明,年龄、独生、睡床方式、睡眠规律性、整体养育风格、养育观念一致性对儿童24 h睡眠时长存在影响(β=-0.17、-0.09、-0.11、0.13、0.13、-0.10,P均<0.01)。结论 3~6岁儿童睡眠模式受到社会人口学变量、睡眠习惯、家庭因素等变量的影响,其中养育因素及睡眠习惯因素应受到格外重视。

关键词: 睡眠模式, 睡眠时长, 相关因素, 3~6岁儿童